Volume 9, Issue 6 (November & December 2018)
BCN 2018, 9(6): 397-407 |
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Mohammadi H, Rezaei M, Amiri S M, Rahimi Z, Mansouri K, Khazaie H. Sleep Architecture and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Activity in Paradoxical and Psychophysiological Insomnia. BCN 2018; 9 (6) :397-407
URL: http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-978-en.html
URL: http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-978-en.html
Hiwa Mohammadi1 
, Mohammad Rezaei2 , Seyed Mojtaba Amiri2 , Zohreh Rahimi3 , Kamran Mansouri4 , Habibolah Khazaie * 5
, Mohammad Rezaei2 , Seyed Mojtaba Amiri2 , Zohreh Rahimi3 , Kamran Mansouri4 , Habibolah Khazaie * 5
1- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
2- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
3- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
4- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
5- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
2- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
3- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
4- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
5- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Abstract:
Introduction: There are controversial reports about association between sleep and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) activity. Studies have reported the influence of insomnia on HPA hormones. However, they usually ignored the heterogeneity of insomnia symptoms, so subtypes of the disorder have not been considered in the reports. The present study aimed to investigate the final and intermediate products of HPA system among a group of psychophysiological and paradoxical insomniac patients in comparison to a group of normal sleepers.
Methods: We investigated the awakening serum level of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) and cortisol after one night Polysomnography (PSG) in 17 subjects with psychophysiological insomnia, 19 subjects with paradoxical insomnia and 17 subjects with normal sleep profile. Groups were matched for age and Body Mass Index (BMI). Serum levels of ACTH and cortisol were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method.
Results: Although, a tendency toward elevation of both ACTH and cortisol was observed among patients with paradoxical insomnia compared to both control and psychophysiological insomnia, the differences were not significant comparing three groups. According to regression analysis, higher Non-Rapid Eye Movement sleep (NREM) arousal and Pulse Transit Time (PTT) significantly predicted higher level of ACTH.
Conclusion: These findings could suggest the personality traits hypothesis for paradoxical insomnia. Both cortical and subcortical arousal could lead to more HPA activity and higher ACTH level. Further studies are recommended to confirm the hypothesis.
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Cognitive Neuroscience
Received: 2017/07/11 | Accepted: 2018/02/25 | Published: 2018/11/1
Received: 2017/07/11 | Accepted: 2018/02/25 | Published: 2018/11/1
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