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1- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, Bezmialem Vakif University, İstanbul, Turkey.
2- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, İstanbul, Turkey.
3- Department of Medical Biology, International School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences Turkey, İstanbul, Turkey.
4- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey.
5- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, İstanbul, Turkey.
2- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, İstanbul, Turkey.
3- Department of Medical Biology, International School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences Turkey, İstanbul, Turkey.
4- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey.
5- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Abstract:
The Purpose of the Study: Music is one of the factors known to have an impact on brain development. Herein, the effects of perinatal exposure to different music patterns on some behavioral characteristics and their underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated.
Materials and Methods: On the first day of their gestation, Wistar rats separated into control, classical, Sufi, and rock groups. Pregnant rats and their pups were exposed to music patterns for one hour/day during pregnancy until weaning. On the 60th day, behavioral tests were performed; later the brains of rat pups were dissected for molecular analysis.
Results: At adult age, pups in rock group had lower level of anxiety, learning and memory with an increase in motor coordination. However, classical and Sufi groups had increased level of anxiety and depression due to low BDNF expression. In addition, Sufi group presented good results in object recognition while classical group showed a better performance in spatial learning due to increased neuroprotective/neurogenesis factors. In contrast, lower DCX levels in both the Sufi and the rock groups suggested a decrease in the neurogenesis. Indeed, the increased NFkB expression may explain poor performance in learning and memory of the rock group.
Conclusions: In conclusion, the type of music may be an important epigenetic factor during hippocampal development because it may have an impact on the function of higher brain areas in adults.
Materials and Methods: On the first day of their gestation, Wistar rats separated into control, classical, Sufi, and rock groups. Pregnant rats and their pups were exposed to music patterns for one hour/day during pregnancy until weaning. On the 60th day, behavioral tests were performed; later the brains of rat pups were dissected for molecular analysis.
Results: At adult age, pups in rock group had lower level of anxiety, learning and memory with an increase in motor coordination. However, classical and Sufi groups had increased level of anxiety and depression due to low BDNF expression. In addition, Sufi group presented good results in object recognition while classical group showed a better performance in spatial learning due to increased neuroprotective/neurogenesis factors. In contrast, lower DCX levels in both the Sufi and the rock groups suggested a decrease in the neurogenesis. Indeed, the increased NFkB expression may explain poor performance in learning and memory of the rock group.
Conclusions: In conclusion, the type of music may be an important epigenetic factor during hippocampal development because it may have an impact on the function of higher brain areas in adults.
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Behavioral Neuroscience
Received: 2023/03/9 | Accepted: 2023/08/19
Received: 2023/03/9 | Accepted: 2023/08/19
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