Accepted Articles
Back to the articles list |
Back to browse issues page
Firouze Mahjoub Navaz1 
, Elahe Khosrowabadi1 , Sahar Latifi1 , Yasaman Daroughe Kazem2 , Jalil Gholizadeh Soltani3 , Hamideh Khalilpour4 , Farhad Soleymani * 5
, Elahe Khosrowabadi1 , Sahar Latifi1 , Yasaman Daroughe Kazem2 , Jalil Gholizadeh Soltani3 , Hamideh Khalilpour4 , Farhad Soleymani * 5
1- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University
2- University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences
3- Alborz University of Medical Sciences
4- Islamic Azad University of Saveh
5- Institute for cognitive science studies
2- University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences
3- Alborz University of Medical Sciences
4- Islamic Azad University of Saveh
5- Institute for cognitive science studies
Abstract:
Introduction: Response inhibition is an impaired cognitive function in ADHD individuals. This primary deficit during cancelation of an intended movement is observed even in the minimal demanding cognitive tasks. Studies have shown that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) specially on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) can improve the response inhibition. Nevertheless, the TMS has a low spatial resolution and its effect may not be observed in a single-session intervention. Studies showed that low-intensity TMS has higher spatial resolution. Therefore, in this study we aimed to evaluate effectiveness of this method for intervention of response inhibition in ADHD individuals.
Methods: In a double-blind paradigm, performance of the adult ADHDs while executing a Stroop color and word test (SCWT) were measured during a sham or a real stimulation of the DLPFC. Subsequently, response inhibitions of the participants were measured before and after the stimulation. Number of correct, wrong and missed answers to 96 computerized trials, and response times of the answers were measured. In addition, changes in electro-cortical activities during the rest phase before and after the stimulation were also evaluated.
Results: After checking for data normality, paired t-tests between behavioral data showed that low-intensity magnetic stimulation of the DLPFC can improve response inhibition (reduce errors) even in a single-session intervention of ADHD individuals. Having said that, the answering times did not change significantly. The behavioral changes were associated with significant changes in power of EEG in delta and beta frequency bands at the frontal areas.
Conclusion: The proposed stimulation protocol with low-intensity TMS had a fair effect on the response inhibition in adult ADHDs. Therefore, it potentially could be suggested as a treatment protocol on the response inhibition in ADHD individuals.
Methods: In a double-blind paradigm, performance of the adult ADHDs while executing a Stroop color and word test (SCWT) were measured during a sham or a real stimulation of the DLPFC. Subsequently, response inhibitions of the participants were measured before and after the stimulation. Number of correct, wrong and missed answers to 96 computerized trials, and response times of the answers were measured. In addition, changes in electro-cortical activities during the rest phase before and after the stimulation were also evaluated.
Results: After checking for data normality, paired t-tests between behavioral data showed that low-intensity magnetic stimulation of the DLPFC can improve response inhibition (reduce errors) even in a single-session intervention of ADHD individuals. Having said that, the answering times did not change significantly. The behavioral changes were associated with significant changes in power of EEG in delta and beta frequency bands at the frontal areas.
Conclusion: The proposed stimulation protocol with low-intensity TMS had a fair effect on the response inhibition in adult ADHDs. Therefore, it potentially could be suggested as a treatment protocol on the response inhibition in ADHD individuals.
Keywords: Attention deficit hyper activity disorder, Low-intensity TMS, Stroop color and word test, Response inhibition
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Cognitive Neuroscience
Received: 2022/10/9 | Accepted: 2022/11/14
Received: 2022/10/9 | Accepted: 2022/11/14
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
Copyright © The Author(s);
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-By-NC), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
Contact Information
