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Mohammad Niroumand Sarvandani1 
, Behzad Garmabi2 , Masoud Asadi3 , Hamed Ghazvini4 , Raheleh Rafaiee5 , Hamid Kalalian Moghaddam * 6
, Behzad Garmabi2 , Masoud Asadi3 , Hamed Ghazvini4 , Raheleh Rafaiee5 , Hamid Kalalian Moghaddam * 6
1- Ph.D. Candidate Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
2- Assistance Professor School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran, Shahroud, Iran.
3- Assistance Professor Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
4- Assistance Professor Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
5- Assistance Professor Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
6- Associate Professor Department of Addiction Studies, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
2- Assistance Professor School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran, Shahroud, Iran.
3- Assistance Professor Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
4- Assistance Professor Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
5- Assistance Professor Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
6- Associate Professor Department of Addiction Studies, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Abstract:
Background: Shift workers usually underwent circadian misalignment, which appears when the feeding and sleep-wake cycles are desynchronized with the temporal framework organized by the internal biological clock. People differ considerably in their tolerance to shift work depending on their chronotype. The purpose of this research was to obtain information about circadian disorders and chronotype (as a mediating variable) on consequent mental state such as impulsivity, depression, anxiety, stress, addiction potential, and boredom in students of a medical university in northeastern Iran. We study mental state in the group of individuals with circadian misalignment and compared with healthy control group.
Methods: The study design is a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Thirty-five participants were randomly assigned to circadian alignment/misalignment protocols. Subjects completed questionnaires as a baseline data (pre-test) and the end of the Interventions (post-test). The instruments were Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (MSBS), Addiction Potential Scale (APS), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Barratt Impulsiveness-11 (BIS-11). We categorized participants based on chronotype as mediate variable within each group (circadian aligned & misaligned condition) to analyze outcomes.
Results: The mean age of participants was 21.66 years (range: 18-25 years). One-way analysis of variance to compare research variables in groups based on chronotype (evening, intermediate type, and morning types) showed a meaningful difference between the total and non-planning impulsivity, active and passive addiction potential, between the three groups of chronotype (p<0.001). The results of Bonferny post hoc test to compare the mean of variables in the chronotype groups about total and non-planning impulsivity scores, active and passive addiction showed that non-planning (p<0.01) and active addiction (p<0.001) in persons with evening and intermediate types were significantly lower than persons with morning type (p=0.02).
Conclusions: Alterations in diurnal profiles of activity, sleep and feeding time, based on chronotype related to impulsiveness and boredom, and such circadian misalignment were associated with addiction potential.
Methods: The study design is a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Thirty-five participants were randomly assigned to circadian alignment/misalignment protocols. Subjects completed questionnaires as a baseline data (pre-test) and the end of the Interventions (post-test). The instruments were Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (MSBS), Addiction Potential Scale (APS), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Barratt Impulsiveness-11 (BIS-11). We categorized participants based on chronotype as mediate variable within each group (circadian aligned & misaligned condition) to analyze outcomes.
Results: The mean age of participants was 21.66 years (range: 18-25 years). One-way analysis of variance to compare research variables in groups based on chronotype (evening, intermediate type, and morning types) showed a meaningful difference between the total and non-planning impulsivity, active and passive addiction potential, between the three groups of chronotype (p<0.001). The results of Bonferny post hoc test to compare the mean of variables in the chronotype groups about total and non-planning impulsivity scores, active and passive addiction showed that non-planning (p<0.01) and active addiction (p<0.001) in persons with evening and intermediate types were significantly lower than persons with morning type (p=0.02).
Conclusions: Alterations in diurnal profiles of activity, sleep and feeding time, based on chronotype related to impulsiveness and boredom, and such circadian misalignment were associated with addiction potential.
Keywords: Anxiety, Circadian rhythm, Depression, Stress disorders, Substance-related disorders, Chronobiology, Boredom
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Cognitive Neuroscience
Received: 2022/06/29 | Accepted: 2022/08/10
Received: 2022/06/29 | Accepted: 2022/08/10
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