Volume 14, Issue 4 (July & August 2023)
BCN 2023, 14(4): 529-542 |
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Seyyed Hashemi S F, Tehrani-Doost M, Khosrowabadi R. The Brain Networks Basis for Deductive and Inductive Reasoning: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. BCN 2023; 14 (4) :529-542
URL: http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2393-en.html
URL: http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2393-en.html
1- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran.
2- Research Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2- Research Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Introduction: Frontoparietal (FPN) and cingulo-opercular network (CON) control cognitive functions needed in deductive and inductive reasoning via different functional frameworks. The FPN is a fast intuitive system while the CON is slow and analytical. The default-interventionist model presents a serial view of the interaction between intuitive and analytic cognitive systems. This study aims to examine the activity pattern of the FPN and CON from the perspective of the default-interventionist model via reasoning.
Methods: We employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate cingulo-opercular and frontoparietal network activities in 24 healthy university students during Raven and Wason reasoning tasks. Due to the different operation times of the CON and FPN, the reaction time was assessed as a behavioral factor.
Results: During Raven’s advanced progressive matrices (RAPM) test, both the CON and FPN were activated. Also, with the increase in the difficulty level of the Raven test, a linear increase in response time was observed. In contrast, during the Wason’s selection task (WST) test, only the activity of FPN was observed.
Conclusion: The results of the study support the hypothesis that the default-interventionist model of dual-process theory provides an accurate explanation of the cognitive mechanisms involved in reasoning. Thus, the response method (intuitive/analytical) determines which cognitive skills and brain regions are involved in responding.
Methods: We employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate cingulo-opercular and frontoparietal network activities in 24 healthy university students during Raven and Wason reasoning tasks. Due to the different operation times of the CON and FPN, the reaction time was assessed as a behavioral factor.
Results: During Raven’s advanced progressive matrices (RAPM) test, both the CON and FPN were activated. Also, with the increase in the difficulty level of the Raven test, a linear increase in response time was observed. In contrast, during the Wason’s selection task (WST) test, only the activity of FPN was observed.
Conclusion: The results of the study support the hypothesis that the default-interventionist model of dual-process theory provides an accurate explanation of the cognitive mechanisms involved in reasoning. Thus, the response method (intuitive/analytical) determines which cognitive skills and brain regions are involved in responding.
Keywords: Inductive reasoning, Deductive reasoning, Cingulo-opercular network (CON), Fronto-parietal network (FPN), Default-interventionist model, Dual-process theory
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Cognitive Neuroscience
Received: 2022/01/17 | Accepted: 2022/03/5 | Published: 2023/07/1
Received: 2022/01/17 | Accepted: 2022/03/5 | Published: 2023/07/1
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