Volume 12, Issue 2 (March & April 2021)
BCN 2021, 12(2): 243-254 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Nikshenas Shahrestani V, Haddadi M, Samzadeh Kermani A R. Behavioral and Molecular Analysis of Antioxidative Potential of Rosmarinic Acid Against Methamphetamine-induced Augmentation of Casp3a mRNA in the Zebrafish Brain. BCN 2021; 12 (2) :243-254
URL: http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1473-en.html
URL: http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1473-en.html
1- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
2- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
2- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
Abstract:
Introduction: Methamphetamine (MA) acts as a powerful oxidant agent, while Rosmarinic Acid (RA) is an effective herbal antioxidant. Oxidative stress-mediated by MA results in apoptosis, and caspase-3 is one of the critical enzymes in the apoptosis process. MA can epigenetically alter gene regulation. In this paper, to investigate the effects of RA on MA-mediated oxidative stress, changes in the level of casp3a mRNA were demonstrated in zebrafish.
Methods: The animals were grouped in 3 treatment conditions for the behavioral test: control, MA, MA pretreated by RA, and 6 treatment conditions for the molecular test: control, RA, MA, MA co-treated with RA, MA co-treated with RA/ZnO/chitosan nanoparticle, and ZnO/chitosan nanoparticle. Then molecular and behavioral investigations were carried out, and critical comparisons were made between the groups.
MA solution was prepared with a concentration of 25 mg/L, and RA solution was prepared by DPPH test with the antioxidant power of about 97%. Each solution was administered by immersing 20 zebrafish for 20 minutes, once per day for 7 days. The level of casp3a mRNA was quantified by using qRT-PCR. One-sided trapezoidal tank diving test was applied to study behavioral alterations.
Results: The qPCR analysis demonstrated the high potential of RA/ZnO/chitosan in counteracting the MA-mediated elevation in casp3a mRNA level. Based on the diving test results of MA-treated fish, MA was found to be anxiolytic compared to the control. While the resulted diving pattern of the MA-treated animals pretreated by RA was novel and different from both the control and MA-treated groups.
Conclusion: The potential of RA combined with a suitable nanoparticle against MA-induced oxidative stress was supported. The high efficiency of ZnO/chitosan in increasing RA penetration to the brain cells was evident. MA at a dose of 25 mg/L is anxiolytic for zebrafish. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes should be studied.
Methods: The animals were grouped in 3 treatment conditions for the behavioral test: control, MA, MA pretreated by RA, and 6 treatment conditions for the molecular test: control, RA, MA, MA co-treated with RA, MA co-treated with RA/ZnO/chitosan nanoparticle, and ZnO/chitosan nanoparticle. Then molecular and behavioral investigations were carried out, and critical comparisons were made between the groups.
MA solution was prepared with a concentration of 25 mg/L, and RA solution was prepared by DPPH test with the antioxidant power of about 97%. Each solution was administered by immersing 20 zebrafish for 20 minutes, once per day for 7 days. The level of casp3a mRNA was quantified by using qRT-PCR. One-sided trapezoidal tank diving test was applied to study behavioral alterations.
Results: The qPCR analysis demonstrated the high potential of RA/ZnO/chitosan in counteracting the MA-mediated elevation in casp3a mRNA level. Based on the diving test results of MA-treated fish, MA was found to be anxiolytic compared to the control. While the resulted diving pattern of the MA-treated animals pretreated by RA was novel and different from both the control and MA-treated groups.
Conclusion: The potential of RA combined with a suitable nanoparticle against MA-induced oxidative stress was supported. The high efficiency of ZnO/chitosan in increasing RA penetration to the brain cells was evident. MA at a dose of 25 mg/L is anxiolytic for zebrafish. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes should be studied.
Keywords: Methamphetamine, Casp3a, Rosmarinic acid, Zinc oxide, Chitosan nanoparticle, Zebrafish, Behavioral test
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Behavioral Neuroscience
Received: 2020/04/10 | Accepted: 2020/12/1 | Published: 2021/03/1
Received: 2020/04/10 | Accepted: 2020/12/1 | Published: 2021/03/1
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
Copyright © The Author(s);
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-By-NC), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
Contact Information
