Introduction:

This study examined the effects of administration of subcutaneous β-estradiol on PTSD-like symptoms (the enhanced conditioned fear response, CFR) that induced by a single-prolonged stress (SPS) and shock in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to SPS procedure: restraint for 2 h, forced swim for 20 min, and ether anesthesia. Then the rats were placed in fear conditioning system and received 1 mA electric foot shock for 4 s. Following, stressed rats injected with β-estradiol (600 μg/kg) or sesame oil. For CFR testing, 24 h later animals were re-exposed to the shock chamber for 3-min without further shock application. Percent of freezing was scored. Following testing, the animals were anesthetized and their brains were removed for histological examination (cell count) of the hippocampus that stained with cresyl violet.

Results:

Methods:

Introduction: This study investigates the effects of cannabinoid agonist WIN55-212-2 on acquisition and consolidation phases of the fear memory extinction and also on anxiety and motor activity.
Methods: In this study, we used SPS & S model to induce post-traumatic stress disorder. One week after SPS, to establish a conditioned fear memory, rats received an electric foot shock within shock chamber. After 24 h, for extinction training, the rats were placed back to the chamber for 9 min, without receiving any shock. In 3 consecutive days and on days 17, 24 and 37, extinction tests were carried out and the freezing behavior was evaluated. Thirty minutes before the first three extinction tests, animals received IP injections of WIN or vehicle. Anxiety-like behavior examined with elevated plus-maze and motor activity with open field, 32 days after conditioning. 
Results: Exaggerated and continued conditioned fear memory observed in SPS & S group compared with shock group. IP injection of a 0.25 mg/kg dose of WIN before extinction training led to reducing fear responses in animals.
Conclusion: IP injection of WIN increased acquisition or consolidation of fear memory extinction. SPS & S caused anxiety and this effect improved by the agonist (0.25 mg/kg).