Showing 7 results for Tehrani-Doost
Dr Narges Dalili, Dr Elahe Motevaseli, Dr Mehdi Tehrani-Doost, Dr Mohammad Reza Zarrindast, Dr Parviz Dousti Kataj, Dr Nasim Vousooghi,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Accepted Articles 2018)
Abstract
Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a major public health concern, and different approaches for its treatment such as maintenance therapy or group therapy have been proposed. The effectiveness of these therapies in the improvement of the psychological and mental state of the patients is always a topic of research and evaluation. This study aimed to compare the dimensions of quality of life, depression, anxiety, stress, and substance control-related factors in OUD subjects and those who have entered methadone maintenance treatment or Narcotics Anonymous (NA) group therapy in comparison to control subjects who had never used opioids.
Methods: Participants (n = 80) in this cross-sectional study were all male subjects comprised of four groups (n = 20 in each group): OUD subjects, NA members with a history of OUD, methadone-maintained individuals previously involved with OUD and a healthy control group. The three first groups were recruited from substance use disorder treatment centers and community groups in Tehran, Iran. All participants completed the validated Farsi version of questionnaires WHOQOL-BREF, DAS-21, and DDQ. MANOVA followed by LSD was used for assessing the differences between groups.
Results: Data showed that for the DASS-21 scale, the differences between OUD subjects with each of the other three groups for all variables of the scale were statistically significant except for the difference between OUD and MMT subjects for the stress variable that was not significant. For the DDQ and WHOQOL-BREF scales, the differences between the OUD group and NA or control subjects for all variables of the scales were significant. However, no significant differences were observed between OUD and MMT groups in terms of these variables.
Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that entering NA programs may be a more effective treatment option than consuming methadone for individuals with OUD in terms of improvement in the mental and psychological state of the patient which may need to be further evaluated in the future.
Maryam Soleimannejad, Mehdi Tehrani-Doost, Anahita Khorrami, Mohammad Taghi Joghataei, Ebrahim Pishyareh,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (Automn 2015 -- 2015)
Abstract
Introduction: We hypothesized that inappropriate attention during the period of abstinence
in individuals with substance use disorder can result in an inadequate perception of emotion
and unsuitable reaction to emotional scenes. The main aim of this research was to evaluate the
attentional bias towards emotional images in former substance abusers and compare it to healthy
adults.
Methods: Paired images of general scenes consisting of pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral
images were presented to subjects for 3 s while their attentional bias and eye movements were
measured by eye tracking. The participants were 72 male adults consisting of 23 healthy control,
24 morphine former abusers, and 25 methamphetamine former abusers. The former abusers
were recruited from a private addiction quitting center and addiction rehabilitation campus. The
healthy individuals were selected from general population. Number and duration of first fixation,
duration of first gaze, and sustained attention towards emotional scenes were measured as the
main variables and the data were analyzed using the repeated measures ANOVA.
Results: A significant difference was observed between former morphine abusers and healthy
control in terms of number and duration of first fixations and first gaze duration towards pleasant
images.
Discussion: Individuals with morphine use disorder have more problems with attending to
emotional images compared to methamphetamine abusers and healthy people.
Mahdiyeh Sarraf-Razavi, Mehdi Tehrani-Doost, Farnaz Ghassemi, Mohammad Ali Nazari, Zohreh Ziatabar Ahmadi,
Volume 9, Issue 6 (November & December 2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Studies indicate that children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have deficits in social and emotional functions. It can be hypothesized that these children have some deficits in early stages of facial emotion discrimination. Based on this hypothesis, the present study investigated neural correlates of early visual processing during emotional face recognition in this group compared with typically developing children using the Event-Related Potentials (ERPs).
Methods: Nineteen boys between the ages of 7 and 11 years diagnosed with ADHD (Combined type) based on DSM-IV-TR classification were compared with 19 typically developing children matched on age and gender. The participants performed an emotional face recognition task while their brain activities were recorded using the event-related potentials procedure.
Results: A significant reduction in the Early Posterior Negativity (EPN) for happy and angry faces has been revealed in ADHD children compared to normal ones (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The present study supports the notion that individuals with ADHD have some impairments in early stage of emotion processing which can leading to their misinterpretation of emotion in faces.
Raheleh Mollajani, Mohamad Taghi Joghataei, Mehdi Tehrani-Doost,
Volume 10, Issue 5 (September & October 2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by several impairments in communications and social interactions, as well as restricted interests or stereotyped behaviors. Interventions applied for this disorder are based on multi-modal approaches, including pharmacotherapy. No definitive cure or medication has been introduced so far; therefore, researchers still investigate potential drugs for treating ASD. One of the new medications introduced for this purpose is bumetanide. The present article aimed to review the efficacy of this drug on the core symptoms of ASD and its potential side effects.
Methods: We searched all papers reported on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and adverse effects of bumetanide on animal models and humans with ASD. The papers were extracted from the main databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus.
Results: The findings revealed that cortical neurons have high chloride ion (Cl−)i and excitatory actions of gamma-aminobutyric acid in the valproic acid animal model with ASD and mice with fragile X syndrome. Bumetanide, which has been introduced as a diuretic, is also a high-affinity-specific Na+-K+-Cl− cotransporter (NKCC1) antagonist that can reduce Cl− level. The results also indicate that bumetanide can attenuate behavioral features of autism in both animal and human models. Moreover, the studies showed that such medication could activate fusiform face area in individuals with ASD while viewing emotional faces. Also, recent findings suggest that a dose of 1 mg/d of this drug, taken twice daily, might be the best compromise between safety and efficacy.
Conclusion: Recent studies provided some evidence that bumetanide can be a novel pharmacological agent in treating core symptoms of ASD. Future studies are required to confirm the efficacy of this medication in individuals with ASD.
Seyyedeh Fatemeh Seyyed Hashemi, Mehdi Tehrani-Doost, Reza Khosrowabadi,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (July & August 2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Frontoparietal (FPN) and cingulo-opercular network (CON) control cognitive functions needed in deductive and inductive reasoning via different functional frameworks. The FPN is a fast intuitive system while the CON is slow and analytical. The default-interventionist model presents a serial view of the interaction between intuitive and analytic cognitive systems. This study aims to examine the activity pattern of the FPN and CON from the perspective of the default-interventionist model via reasoning.
Methods: We employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate cingulo-opercular and frontoparietal network activities in 24 healthy university students during Raven and Wason reasoning tasks. Due to the different operation times of the CON and FPN, the reaction time was assessed as a behavioral factor.
Results: During Raven’s advanced progressive matrices (RAPM) test, both the CON and FPN were activated. Also, with the increase in the difficulty level of the Raven test, a linear increase in response time was observed. In contrast, during the Wason’s selection task (WST) test, only the activity of FPN was observed.
Conclusion: The results of the study support the hypothesis that the default-interventionist model of dual-process theory provides an accurate explanation of the cognitive mechanisms involved in reasoning. Thus, the response method (intuitive/analytical) determines which cognitive skills and brain regions are involved in responding.
Milad Yekani, Mehdi Tehrani-Doost, Milad Rahimi, Abdol-Hossein Vahabie,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (May & Jun 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: This study introduces a new method to create virtual reality (VR) environments for studying synchrony in human body movements and their prosocial effects. Previous studies have shown the positive effects of synchrony, but more controlled and ecologically valid paradigms are needed to explore these effects deeper and translate them to the therapeutic domain.
Methods: A total of 82 healthy subjects participated in this study. They performed simple periodic hand movements in a virtual environment with a virtual character (VC) mimicking them. We used inverse kinematics (IKs) to create character movements. The VCs mimic the participants after a short delay in the synchronous group and after a great delay in the non-synchronous group. The subjective feeling of synchrony and social closeness was measured using a set of rating questionnaires.
Results: The participants in the synchronous group reported more synchrony than the non-synchronous group. The degree of social closeness between the two groups was not significantly different; however, there was a significant positive correlation between the reported degree of synchrony and social closeness within each group.
Conclusion: Using a simple VR environment in which body movements are simulated by IKs can engender the feeling of synchrony and exert its prosocial effects.
Raheleh Mollajani, Mohamad Taghi Joghataei, Mehdi Tehrani-Doost, Reza Khosrowabadi,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (January & February 2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have impairments in emotion processing, including recognizing facial emotions. There is a significant need for medication to improve core symptoms of ASD. Bumetanide is one of the most recently used drugs in some studies of ASD to address this need. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bumetanide on the brain response of youth with ASD while they were recognizing facial emotions using the event-related potentials (ERPs).
Methods: Fifteen children with ASD aged between 7 to 16 years were evaluated using the childhood autism rating scale (CARS), schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version, social responsiveness scale, Wechsler intelligence scale for children-revised form, and standard blood tests. The electrical brain response was measured while they were doing a facial emotion recognition task (FERT). After 3 months of treatment, they were assessed again regarding core symptoms and ERPs.
Results: The behavioral problems of the participants decreased significantly based on CARS. With regard to behavioral performance on FERT, the accuracy of detecting emotions increased, and reaction time decreased significantly. The amplitude of N170, EPN, and N250 increased, and latency for N170 and N250 decreased significantly in some electrodes. There were no serious side effects.
Conclusion: In this study, bumetanide improved behavioral symptoms and recognition of facial emotions. Also, brain function was improved based on the ERP components. So, bumetanide can be used safely in children and adolescents with ASD to improve the main symptoms of the disorder.
