چکیده:
Background: Inflammatory responses in celiac disease (CD) may lead to immune dysregulation and sleep disturbances. Additionally, impaired tryptophan metabolism within the gastrointestinal tract has been identified as being associated with chronic intestinal inflammation. This study examines the link between sleep disorders, tryptophan levels, and cytokine profiles in CD patients.
Methods: A cohort study involving 76 adult CD patients (mean age 40.3 years) was conducted from March to December 2022. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. Plasma tryptophan levels were measured using HPLC, and serum TNF-α and IL-10 levels were determined with ELISA. IL-2 and IL-4 expression was evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR.
Results: A significant proportion (63.2%) of CD patients experienced poor sleep quality. Additionally, increasing age was positively correlated with the presence of sleep disturbances. Importantly, CD patients with poor sleep quality had lower plasma Trp levels compared to those with good sleep quality (p<0.0001). Moreover, individuals with poor sleep quality exhibited elevated IL-2 (p=0.03) level in comparison to patients with good sleep quality. Conversely, there was no significant difference observed in IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-α levels between individuals with poor sleep quality and those with good sleep quality.
Conclusions: Low levels of Trp may indicate a potential for Trp supplementation to alleviate sleep disturbances in CD patients. However, further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and evaluate potential interventions.
Methods: A cohort study involving 76 adult CD patients (mean age 40.3 years) was conducted from March to December 2022. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. Plasma tryptophan levels were measured using HPLC, and serum TNF-α and IL-10 levels were determined with ELISA. IL-2 and IL-4 expression was evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR.
Results: A significant proportion (63.2%) of CD patients experienced poor sleep quality. Additionally, increasing age was positively correlated with the presence of sleep disturbances. Importantly, CD patients with poor sleep quality had lower plasma Trp levels compared to those with good sleep quality (p<0.0001). Moreover, individuals with poor sleep quality exhibited elevated IL-2 (p=0.03) level in comparison to patients with good sleep quality. Conversely, there was no significant difference observed in IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-α levels between individuals with poor sleep quality and those with good sleep quality.
Conclusions: Low levels of Trp may indicate a potential for Trp supplementation to alleviate sleep disturbances in CD patients. However, further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and evaluate potential interventions.
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