Predictors of Quality of Life in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease: A Multicenter Case-control Study

Moarrefzadeh, Aida; Sarandili, Sadra; Motamed-Gorji, Nogol; Majdolashrafi, Fatemeh; Bahardoust, Mansour; Mousavi, Safa; Hashemi, Neda; Sarveazad, Arash; Vazirizadeh-Mahabadi, Mohammadhossein; Habibi, Seyed Amirhassan

doi:10.32598/bcn.2024.6859.1

Volume 16, Issue 3 (May & June 2025) BCN 2025, 16(3): 667-676 | Back to browse issues page

‎ 10.32598/bcn.2024.6859.1

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Moarrefzadeh A, Sarandili S, Motamed-Gorji N, Majdolashrafi F, Bahardoust M, Mousavi S, et al . Predictors of Quality of Life in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease: A Multicenter Case-control Study. BCN 2025; 16 (3) :667-676
URL: http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2987-en.html

Predictors of Quality of Life in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease: A Multicenter Case-control Study

Aida Moarrefzadeh¹

, Sadra Sarandili²

, Nogol Motamed-Gorji³

, Fatemeh Majdolashrafi⁴

, Mansour Bahardoust⁴

, Safa Mousavi⁵

, Neda Hashemi⁶

, Arash Sarveazad⁷

, Mohammadhossein Vazirizadeh-Mahabadi⁸

, Seyed Amirhassan Habibi ^*⁹

1- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran.
2- Department of Health Sciences, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
3- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
5- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Services, California State University, Fresno, United States.
6- Department of Perinatology, Endometriosis Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
7- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. & Nursing Care Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
8- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
9- Department of Movement Disorders, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract:

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease whose motor and non-motor complications significantly affect a person’s quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to investigate the QoL of these patients using the PD questionnaire (PDQ)-39 and identify the prognostic factors associated with their QoL.
Methods: In this case-control study, the QoL of two groups (211 controls and 211 cases) was investigated and compared using the PDQ-39 questionnaire. Prognostic factors associated with QoL were determined using multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results: Several 422 patients with a mean age of 59.8±13.7 years were included in the study. The mean PDQ-39 score in the case group was significantly higher in all subscales, except for social support, compared to the control group. The mean score of PDQ-39 was significantly higher in the patients with non-deep brain stimulation (DBS) (53.9±21.1 (than those with DBS (42.22±18.1), especially in the sub-scales of mobility, activities of daily living, cognition, and communication. As the stage of the disease increased, the mean PDQ-39 score in these patients increased significantly. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that sex, patient age, smoking, education level, duration of disease, patient stage, and intervention with DBS were significantly related to patients’ QoL (P<0.05).
Conclusion: This study highlights the significant impact of DBS on PD patients’ QoL, especially in sub-scales of mobility, daily activities, emotional well-being, and cognition. Moreover, identifying the main prognostic factors of QoL (sex, age, smoking status, educational level, disease duration, and stage) can lead to avenues for improving the lives of these patients.

Keywords: Parkinson, Quality of life (QoL), Parkinson’s disease questionnaire (PDQ)-39, Prognostic factors

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● The patients with PD had significantly lower PDQ-39 scores than healthy controls.
● Deep brain stimulation improved multiple PDQ-39 domains.
● Mobility and stigma were the mostly affected domains by DBS in PD patients.
● The advanced disease stage was linked to a lower PDQ-39 score in PD patients.
● Female sex, older age, and lower education predicted poorer QoL in PD patients.

Plain Language Summary

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder. As the condition progresses, individuals may also encounter difficulties related to emotions, cognitive processes, and the execution of daily tasks, which can significantly affect their quality of life (QoL). In this study, we aimed to measure the effects of PD on the QoL of patients and to assess whether specific variables, such as the disease stage or therapeutic interventions, are related to it. We used the 39-item PD questionnaire (PDQ-39) to assess the PD-related QoL in various areas, including mobility, stigma, emotional well-being, social support, cognition, communication, activities of daily living, and bodily discomfort. The findings indicated that patients experienced a significantly lower PD-related QoL in comparison to their healthy counterparts. The patients who underwent deep brain stimulation (DBS) exhibited higher improvement in domains such as mobility, activities of daily living, and cognition. Female patients, older patients, and those at advanced stages of PD were more likely to report a poor QoL. These results indicate the multifaceted impact of PD on various QoL aspects, and not only on motor functions, and suggest that patients from specific demographic groups may require more support. Additionally, the results demonstrate the potential effects of DBS in ameliorating the life experiences of individuals with PD. An in-depth understanding of these variables can assist healthcare professionals and caregivers in delivering tailored care and facilitating more informed decisions regarding PD management.

Type of Study: Original | Subject: Cellular and molecular Neuroscience
Received: 2024/07/28 | Accepted: 2024/08/18 | Published: 2025/05/1

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