Iran University of Medical Sciences
Basic and Clinical Neuroscience
2008-126X
2228-7442
8
6
2017
11
1
Effect of Age, Gender and Hearing Loss on the Degree of Discomfort Due to Tinnitus
435
442
EN
Maryam
Noroozian
Department of Geriatric, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
noroozianmaryam@yahoo.com
N
Zahra
Jafari
Rehabilitation Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
jafari.z@iums.ac.ir
Y
Elaheh
Shahmiri
Rehabilitation Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
elaheh_shahmiri@yahoo.com
N
Shaghayegh
Omidvar
Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
N
Azadeh
Zendehbad
Department of Geriatric, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
N
Naser
Amini
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
N
Masoud
Bagherian
Department of Memory and Behavioral Neurology, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
N
Mahsa
Radmehr
Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
N
Ali
Yoonessi
Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
a-yoonessi@tums.ac.ir
N
10.29252/nirp.bcn.8.6.435
Introduction: Tinnitus is one of the complex symptoms of hearing described as a phantom auditory sensation without any external stimulation. Due to the subjective nature of tinnitus, perception and discomfort of tinnitus vary among the patients. The main aim of this study is to investigate the effects of gender, age and the degree of hearing loss on discomfort due to tinnitus.
Methods: Eighteen patients with tinnitus, aged 21-72 years, (9 males and 9 females) were recruited. Tinnitus discomfort was investigated by Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) questionnaire. Psychoacoustic assessments of tinnitus and auditory threshold assessments were evaluated using a 2-channel clinical audiometer.
Results: The results showed no significant correlation between THI scores with loudness matching (P=0.187), mean of auditory threshold (P=0.304), gender (P=0.93) and age (P=0.200). Also, no significant correlation was found between maximal level of hearing loss and pitch matching (P=0.208).
Conclusion: The study findings suggests that tinnitus is not correlated with age, gender and hearing loss. Overall, tinnitus is a complicated clinical condition which its real impact and degree of discomfort are unclear. More investigation is needed to clarify the factors involving in tinnitus annoyance.
Tinnitus, Gender, Age, Hearing loss, Discomfort
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-777-en.html
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-777-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Basic and Clinical Neuroscience
2008-126X
2228-7442
8
6
2017
11
1
Protective Effects of Enriched Environment Against Transient Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Impairment of Passive Avoidance Memory and Long-Term Potentiation in Rats
443
452
EN
Ali
Ahmadalipour
Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
ali.ahmadalipour1@gmail.com
N
Jafar
Sadeghzadeh
Students Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
jafar.s1010@gmail.com
N
Seyed Afshin
Samaei
Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
N
Ali
Rashidy-Pour
Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Physiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
rashidy-pour@semums.ac.ir
Y
10.29252/nirp.bcn.8.6.443
Introduction: Enriched Environment (EE), a complex novel environment, has been demonstrated to improve synaptic plasticity in both injured and intact animals. The present study investigated the capacity of an early environmental intervention to normalize the impairment of passive avoidance memory and Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) induced by transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2-vessel occlusion, 2VO) in rats.
Methods: After weaning, young Wistar rats (22 days old) were housed in EE or Standard Environment (SE) for 40 days. Transient (30-min) incomplete forebrain ischemia was induced 4 days before the passive avoidance memory test and LTP induction.
Results: The transient forebrain ischemia led to impairment of passive avoidance memory and LTP induction in the Perforant Path-Dentate Gyrus (PP-DG) synapses. Interestingly, housing and growing in EE prior to 2VO was found to significantly reverse 2VO-induced cognitive and LTP impairments.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that early housing and growing in EE exhibits therapeutic potential to normalize cognitive and LTP abnormalities induced by 2VO ischemic model in rats.
Enriched environment, Brain ischemia, Long-term potentiation, Memory
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-860-en.html
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-860-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Basic and Clinical Neuroscience
2008-126X
2228-7442
8
6
2017
11
1
Protective Role of Hypothermia Against Heat Stress in Differentiated and Undifferentiated Human Neural Precursor Cells: A Differential Approach for the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury
453
466
EN
Sandeep Kumar
Vishwakarma
Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
Y
Avinash
Bardia
Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
N
Nusrath
Fathima
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.
N
Lakkireddy
Chandrakala
Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
N
Syed
Rahamathulla
Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
N
Nagarapu
Raju
Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
N
Gunda
Srinivas
Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.
N
Avinash
Raj
Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.
N
Annamaneni
Sandhya
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.
N
Vishnupriya
Satti
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.
N
Santosh Kumar
Tiwari
Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
N
Syed Ameer Basha
Paspala
Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
N
Aleem
Ahmed Khan
Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
aleem_a_khan@rediffmail.com
N
10.29252/nirp.bcn.8.6.453
Introduction: The present study aimed to explore protective mechanisms of hypothermia against mild cold and heat stress on highly proliferative homogeneous human Neural Precursor Cells (NPCs) derived from Subventricular Zone (SVZ) of human fetal brain.
Methods: CD133+ve enriched undifferentiated and differentiated human NPCs were exposed to heat stress at 42°C. Then, Western-blot quantification was performed using Hsp-70 (70 kilodalton heat shock proteins) recombinant protein. Finally, changes in pluripotency and Hsp-70 expression were measured using immunofluorescence staining and RT-qPCR (Quantitative reverse transcription PCR) analysis, respectively.
Results: Heat stress resulted in abnormal neurospheres development. The apoptosis rate was enhanced during long-term in vitro culture of neurospheres. Neurogenic differentiation reduced and showed aberrent phenotypes during heat stress. After hypothermia treatment significant improvement in neurospheres and neuronal cell morphology was observed.
Conclusion: Mild-hypothermia treatment induces attenuated heat shock response against heat stress resulting in induced HSP-70 expression that significantly improves structure and function of both undifferentiated human NPCs and differentiated neurons.
Hypothermia, Neurospheres development, Neuronal phenotype, HSP-70 expression
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-647-en.html
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-647-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Basic and Clinical Neuroscience
2008-126X
2228-7442
8
6
2017
11
1
Chronic Pain and Selective Attention to Pain Arousing Daily Activity Pictures: Evidence From an Eye Tracking Study
467
478
EN
Masoumeh
Mahmoodi-Aghdam
Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
N
Mohsen
Dehghani
Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
N
Mehrnoosh
Ahmadi
Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran.
N
Anahita
Khorrami Banaraki
Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran.
N
Ali
Khatibi
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Economics, Administrative, and Social Sciences, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
ali.khatibi@bilkent.edu.tr
Y
10.29252/nirp.bcn.8.6.467
Introduction: According to the pain research literature, attentional bias for pain is the mechanism responsible for the development and maintenance of fear of pain in patients with chronic pain. However, there is still some debate about the exact mechanism and the role of faster engagement versus difficulty in disengagement in the development of attentional bias.
Methods: To investigate attentional bias in patients with chronic pain, we used an eye-tracker with the pictures of pain-provoking activities and compared the results with an age- and gender-matched group of pain-free participants. In addition, other measures of pain-related cognition and pain severity ratings were included to assess their contribution to the attentional bias toward pain-related information.
Results: Calculating the frequency of the first fixations showed that both groups fixated initially on pain-provoking pictures compared to neutral one. Calculating the speed of fixations showed that control participants were faster in fixating on neutral stimuli, but patients with pain were faster in fixating on pain-provoking pictures, indicating a relative vigilance for the pain-related stimuli among them. These patients reported that the intensity of pain in the previous week was positively correlated with the speed of their fixation on the painful stimuli.
Conclusion: Although these results did not provide unequivocal support for the vigilance-avoidance hypothesis, they are generally consistent with the results of studies using eye tracking technology. Furthermore, our findings put a question over characterization of attentional biases in patients with chronic pain by simply relating that to difficulty in disengaging from pain-related stimuli.
Attentional bias, Chronic pain, Eye movement, PHODA
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-821-en.html
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-821-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Basic and Clinical Neuroscience
2008-126X
2228-7442
8
6
2017
11
1
A Hybrid Approach Based on Higher Order Spectra for Clinical Recognition of Seizure and Epilepsy Using Brain Activity
479
492
EN
Seyyed Abed
Hosseini
Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
hosseyni@mshdiau.ac.ir
Y
10.29252/nirp.bcn.8.6.479
Introduction: This paper proposes a reliable and efficient technique to recognize different epilepsy states, including healthy, interictal, and ictal states, using Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals.
Methods: The proposed approach consists of pre-processing, feature extraction by higher order spectra, feature normalization, feature selection by genetic algorithm and ranking method, and classification by support vector machine with Gaussian and polynomial radial basis function kernels. The proposed approach is validated on a public benchmark dataset to compare it with previous studies.
Results: The results indicate that the combined use of above elements can effectively decipher the cognitive process of epilepsy and seizure recognition. There are several bispectrum and bicoherence peaks at every bi-frequency plane, which reveal the location of the quadratic phase coupling. The proposed approach can reach, in almost all of the experiments, up to 100% performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.
Conclusion: Comparing between the obtained results and previous approaches approves the effectiveness of the proposed approach for seizure and epilepsy recognition.
Epilepsy, Electroencephalogram, Higher order spectra, Seizure
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-713-en.html
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-713-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Basic and Clinical Neuroscience
2008-126X
2228-7442
8
6
2017
11
1
Effect of WIN55-212-2 and Consequences of Extinction Training on Conditioned Fear Memory in PTSD Male Rats
493
502
EN
Malihe
Ghasemi
Department of Physiology, School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran.
abrarik47@gmail.com
N
Kataneh
Abrari
Department of Physiology, School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran.
abrari@du.ac.ir
Y
Iran
Goudarzi
Department of Physiology, School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran.
irangoudarzi@du,ac,ir
N
Ali
Rashidy-Pour
Physiology Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
abrari@du.ac.ir
N
10.29252/nirp.bcn.8.6.493
Introduction: This study investigates the effects of cannabinoid agonist WIN55-212-2 on acquisition and consolidation phases of the fear memory extinction and also on anxiety and motor activity.
Methods: In this study, we used SPS & S model to induce post-traumatic stress disorder. One week after SPS, to establish a conditioned fear memory, rats received an electric foot shock within shock chamber. After 24 h, for extinction training, the rats were placed back to the chamber for 9 min, without receiving any shock. In 3 consecutive days and on days 17, 24 and 37, extinction tests were carried out and the freezing behavior was evaluated. Thirty minutes before the first three extinction tests, animals received IP injections of WIN or vehicle. Anxiety-like behavior examined with elevated plus-maze and motor activity with open field, 32 days after conditioning.
Results: Exaggerated and continued conditioned fear memory observed in SPS & S group compared with shock group. IP injection of a 0.25 mg/kg dose of WIN before extinction training led to reducing fear responses in animals.
Conclusion: IP injection of WIN increased acquisition or consolidation of fear memory extinction. SPS & S caused anxiety and this effect improved by the agonist (0.25 mg/kg).
Post-traumatic stress disorder, Cannabinoids, Win 55212-2, Extinction
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-750-en.html
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-750-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Basic and Clinical Neuroscience
2008-126X
2228-7442
8
6
2017
11
1
In Vivo Psychopharmacological Investigation of Delphinium Denudatum and Amaranthus Spinosus Extracts on Wistar Rats
503
512
EN
Mohammad
Abid
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, India.
fromabid@yahoo.com
Y
Ashok Kumar
Gosh
Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, India.
ashoke_gg@yahoo.co.in
N
Najam
Ali Khan
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, India.
alikhan_najam@yahoo.co.in
N
10.29252/nirp.bcn.8.6.503
Introduction: In our modern era, life style of human being changes and updates every day that may affect their health status. There is an incredible expectation that natural origin drugs lack undesirable effects not like synthetic drugs, though have the same potency and efficacy. No scientific data is available about the antianxiety properties of Delphinium denudatum root and Amaranthus spinosus leaves. In this regard, the present study was designed to carry out comparative and combined study on antianxiety properties of Delphinium denudatum root and Amaranthus spinosus leaves.
Methods: Delphinium denudatum root and Amaranthus spinosus leaves were defatted with petroleum ether, and then extracted with hydroalcoholic solvent by soxhlation process. The hydroalcoholic extract of both drugs singly and in combination were evaluated for their anxiolytic effects on Wistar albino rats in doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg using different anti-anxiety tests like Elevated Plus Maze, Staircase, Actophotometer, and Light and Dark tests.
Results: Both hydroalcoholic extracts possessed flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, steroids, sterols, etc. In the dose dependent manner, both the hydroalcoholic extracts produced good anxiolytic activity. The best result was obtained by a combination of them in higher dose.
Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extracts of Delphinium denudatum root and Amaranthus spinosus leaves and their combination may act as a potent anxiolytic agents in rats. Amaranthus spinosus was found to be more effective than Delphinium denudatum.
Antianxiety activity, Delphinium denudatum, Amaranthus spinosus, Flavonoids, Alkaloids
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-771-en.html
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-771-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Basic and Clinical Neuroscience
2008-126X
2228-7442
8
6
2017
11
1
Commentary on “Co-Occurrence of Pituitary Adenoma With Suprasellar and Olfactory Groove Meningiomas”
513
515
EN
Lorenzo
Curtò
Peloritan Academy of Periculants, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
curto.loren@libero.it
Y
Salvatore
Cannavò
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
N
10.29252/nirp.bcn.8.6.513
Recently, Basic and Clinical Neuroscience published an article by Lim et al. (2016) entitled Co-occurence of Pituitary Adenoma with Suprasellar and Olfactory Groove Meningiomas. They claimed it as the first case of co-occurence of these two malignancies. However, to our knowledge, this is not the first case reported in this regard. We reported the same case scenario in a 61-year-old woman referred to our outpatient clinic in 2007. In this commentary, we are going to discuss our reported case and present a brief review over co-occurence of intracranial meningioma with pituitary adenoma.
Pituitary adenoma, Suprasellar meningioma, Olfactory groove meningioma, Magnetic resonance imaging, Growth hormone, Somatostatin analog
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-900-en.html
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-900-en.pdf