OTHERS_CITABLE National Collaborative Network on Applied Clinical Neuroscience in Iran Justifications, Limitation, Possible Architectures, Priorities, and Strategic Plans http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-60-en.pdf 2010-11-15 3 4 Hamed Ekhtiari 1 AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE Neuroimaging in Iran: A Review ABSTRACTNeuroimaging allows noninvasive evaluation of the anatomy, physiology, and function of the brain. It is widely used for diagnosis, treatment planning, and treatment evaluation of neurological disorders as well as understanding functions of the brain in health and disease. Neuroimaging modalities include X-ray computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), electroencephalography (EEG), and magnetoencephalography (MEG). This paper presents an overview of the neuroimaging research in Iran in recent years, partitioned into three categories: anatomical imaging anatomical image analysis and functional imaging and analysis. Published papers reflect considerable progress in development of neuroimaging infrastructure, hardware installation and software development. However, group work and research collaborations among engineers, scientists, and clinicians need significant enhancement to optimize utility of the resources and maximize productivity. This is a challenge that cannot be solved without specific plans, policies, and funding. http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-61-en.pdf 2010-11-15 5 12 Neuroimaging Noninvasive Evaluation Iran G. Ali Hossein-Zadeh 1 AUTHOR Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh 2 AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE Blockade of Opioid Receptors Located in the Rat Nucleus Cuneiformis Reduced the Antinociceptive Responses of Local But not Systemic Administration of Morphine in Formalin Test ABSTRACTPrevious studies have shown the role of opioid receptors located in the nucleus cuneiformis (CnF) in acute pain, but not in chronic pain models. In the present study, we have determined that possible effects of these receptors at the CnF on both early and late phases of formalin test following local and systemic morphine administration. Each rat was given a subcutaneous 50-μl injection of 2.5% formalin into plantar surface of hind paw. Ninety five Wistar rats bilaterally received morphine (1, 2, 4 and 8 μg/0.3 μl saline per side) into the CnF, just before the formalin test. Naloxone (1 μg/0.3 μl saline per side) was also microinjected 2 minutes before local or 28 minutes after intraperitoneal administration of morphine. The results showed that bilateral intra-CnF administration of morphine dose-dependently produced analgesia in formalin test. Naloxone administration into the CnF antagonized the analgesic response induced by morphine (4 μg/0.3 μl saline) microinjection. The results also showed that analgesic effect of systemic morphine was not significantly decreased by naloxone microinjection. We suggest that the opioid receptors located in the CnF, in part, indirectly affect the morphine-induced descending pain modulatory circuit. http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-62-en.pdf 2010-11-15 13 19 Nucleus Cuneiformis Opioid Receptor Morphine Naloxone Formalin Test Pain Abbas Haghparast 1 AUTHOR Leila Ahmad-Molaei 2 AUTHOR Amir-Mohammad Alizadeh 3 AUTHOR Pegah Azizi 4 AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE The Flavonoid Hesperetin Alleviates Behavioral Abnormality in 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Hemi-Parkinsonism ABSTRACTParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neuropathological and debilitating disorder involving the degeneration of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. Neuroprotective effect of hesperetin has already been reported, therefore, this study examined whether the administration of this flavonoid would attenuate behavioral abnormalities in an experimental model of PD in rat. For this purpose, unilateral intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 12.5 μg/5μl of saline-ascorbate)-lesioned rats were pretreated i.p. with hesperetin (10 mg/kg). It was found out that hesperetin administration attenuates the rotational behavior in lesioned rats. In summary, hesperetin administration attenuates behavioral abnormality in hemiparkinsonian rats and this may be of benefit, along with other therapies, in neurodegenerative disorders including PD. http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-63-en.pdf 2010-11-15 20 23 Hesperetin Parkinson’s Disease 6-hydroxydopamine Rotational Behavior. Tourandokht Baluchnejadmojarad 1 AUTHOR Mehrdad Roghani 2 AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE P300 Component Modulation During a Go/Nogo Task in Healthy Children ABSTRACT Introduction: Several differences in the P300 component are observed when responses must be executed or inhibited in the Go/Nogo task. However, few studies were established by using well-controlled task with respect to the preparatory processing and stimulus probability. In the present study, we examined the peak amplitude and latency of Go-P300 (P300 evoked by visual Go stimuli) and Nogo-P300 (P300 evoked by visual Nogo stimuli) component in healthy children. Methods: High resolution EEG data were recorded from 13 children (7-11 years old) during a cued equiprobable Go/Nogo task. The P300 component was measured at frontal (F3, Fz, F4) and parietal (P3, Pz, P4) regions in response to both Go and Nogo stimuli. Data were analyzes using a three-way repeated measures ANOVA.Results: These children displayed higher P300 amplitude in the Go relative to Nogo condition at parietal region. In addition, decrease in P300 latency was observed at the frontal in comparison to parietal region.Discussion: The results might suggest that the P300 is related to different processes or arise from different generators in execution and inhibition conditions. http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-65-en.pdf 2010-11-15 31 36 ERP P300 Go/Nogo Task Healthy Children. Mohammad Ali Nazari 1 AUTHOR Fabrice Wallois 2 AUTHOR Ardalan Aarabi 3 AUTHOR Masoud Nosratabadi 4 AUTHOR Patrick Berquin 5 AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE Effect of Protein Malnutrition on Efferent Projections of Amygdala to the Hippocampus ABSTRACTIntroduction: Previous investigations have shown that protein malnutrition can alters the structure and function of some areas of hippocampal formation. We investigated the effect of protein malnutrition on amygdaloid projections to the CA1 hippocampal area. In this study we investigated level and pattern of distribution of efferent projections from amygdala to hippocampus in the rat by Horseradish Peroxidas (HRP) neural tract tracing in 2 groups Control group fed with regular diet (% 18 proteins)and case group fed with low protein diet (%8). We used SPSS 11.0 (T test & mann-withney) Software for data analysis.Methods: Following injection of HRP to CA1 region of hippocampus in the control group Rats, Labelled neurons showed more density in the Basolateral, Cortical and Medial nuclear Groups. Having done the analysis and examining the relations between the case data and those of the control groups, we found that number of labelled neurons in the Basolateral, Cortical & medial nuclei were decreased in the case group(p<0.05). Our findings showed that different nuclei of amygdala (Basolateral, Cortical and Medial) send projections to CA1 region of hippocampus Among, them basolateral nuclei group send the most projections . Discussion: This results may be caused by decrease of activity of neural cells after protein malnutrition, that can results in impairment in growth and development of nervous system. Also it is possible that axoplasmic transfer rate maybe decreased in this condition. http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-66-en.pdf 2010-11-15 37 43 Hippocampus Amygdala Protein Malnutrition. Gholamreza Hassanzadeh 1 AUTHOR Mitra Barzroodi pour 2 AUTHOR Mohammad Bayat 3 AUTHOR Miriam Javadi 4 AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE Comparison of Hubs in Effective Normal and Tumor Protein Interaction Networks ABSTRACTIntroduction: Cancer is caused by genetic abnormalities, such as mutation of ontogenesis or tumor suppressor genes which alter downstream signaling pathways and protein-protein interactions. Comparison of protein interactions in cancerous and normal cells can be of help in mechanisms of disease diagnoses and treatments. Methods: We constructed protein interaction networks of cancerous and normal cells. These protein interaction networks are constructed using gene-expression profiles measured from different samples of cancerous and normal tissues from four different parts of the body including colon, prostate, lung, and central nervous system. We used pattern recognition techniques to construct these networks. We calculated ten graph related parameters including closeness centrality, graph diameter, index of aggregation, entropy of edge distribution, connectivity, number of edges divided by the number of vertices, entropy, graph centrality, sum of the wiener number, and modified vertex distance numbers for each of the cancerous and normal protein interaction networks. We have also compared number of edges and hubs of the both cancerous and normal resultant protein interaction networks. Results and Discussion: Our results show that in the studied tissue samples, effective normal protein interaction networks are denser in number of edges and hubs compared with their corresponding effective cancerous protein interaction networks. Number of hubs in effective cancerous protein interaction networks decreases dramatically in comparison with normal tissues. This can be used as a symptom for identification of cancerous tissues. http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-67-en.pdf 2010-11-15 44 50 Cancer Protein Interaction Network. Mitra Mirzarezaee 1 AUTHOR Babak N. Araabi 2 AUTHOR Mehdi Sadeghi 3 AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE The Frequency of Cerebral Microembolism in Acute Myocardial Infarction ABSTRACT Introduction: Stroke is more common in patients with cerebral microembolisms. Frequency of cerebral microembolisms (high intensity transient signals, HITS) in acute myocardial infarction has been reported about 17%. The factors that influence on microembolism after myocardial infarction (MI) are not definitive. Type of MI, Ejection fraction, Hx of Streptokinase is the factors that were studied. Methods: During three years we studied the frequency of cerebral microembolisms in AMI patients, we studied forty patients with microembolism as a case group and ninety patients without microembolism as a control group. We detected microembolism in patients by transcranial doppler study within 72 houre after myocardial infarction. Two-dimensional echocardiogram was performed for all patients during hospitalization. Excluding criteria were prosthetic heart valves, carotid stenosis >50% and poor window for TCD monitoring. Results: number of patients who had history of receiving SK were significantly more common in case group in comparison to control group. OR 2.4 CI(1.1-5.2) The frequency was more prevalent in anterolateral MI in comparison to inferior MI.OR=3.3 CI(1.4-7.4). Ejection fraction has no significant effect on frequency of microembolism. OR 0.5 CI(0.2-1.3).Hypokinesia is also a risk factor for increasing risk of microembolism. OR 4.5 CI(1.4.13.8) Discussion: frequency of microembolism has been increased in patients with history of streptokinase or in the type of Anterolateral MI or wall motion abnormality, so we should be careful for risk of microembolism in this groups. http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-68-en.pdf 2010-11-15 51 54 Microembilism Stroke Streptokinase Masoud Mehrpour 1 AUTHOR Babak Zamani 2 AUTHOR Hamid R Baradaran 3 AUTHOR Mohamad R Motamed 4 AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE In Memory of Professor Caro Lucas (1949-2010) http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-69-en.pdf 2010-11-15 55 57 Babak N. Araabi 1 AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE Publication of Iranian Textbook for Psychiatry http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-70-en.pdf 2010-11-15 58 59