OTHERS_CITABLE
Editorial: New Generation of Psychotherapies Inspired by Cognitive Neuroscience Development: Emergence of Neurocognitive Therapies
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-789-en.pdf
2016-07-01
179
184
10.15412/J.BCN.03070301
Psychotherapies
Borzooyeh
Naji
1
Translational Neuroscience Program, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Hamed
Ekhtiari
h_ekhtiari@razi.tums.ac.ir
2
Neurocognitive Laboratory, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE
Letter to Editor: Neuropsychiatric Consequences of Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients with Chronic Movement Disorders
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-676-en.pdf
2016-07-01
185
186
10.15412/J.BCN.03070302
Neuropsychiatric
Seyed Kazem
Malakouti
Malakouti.K@IUMS.ac.ir
1
Tehran Psychiatric Institute, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Seyed Reza
Mahdavi
Reza.Mahdavi@gmail.com
2
Tehran Psychiatric Institute, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Borzooyeh
Naji
naji.b@iums.ac.ir
3
Tehran Psychiatric Institute, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mina
Asadi
Drasadi@yahoo.com
4
Tehran Psychiatric Institute, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Shamsoddin
Kahani
sh.kahani@yahoo.com
5
Department of Psychiatry, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE
Review Paper: A Review on Brain Stimulation Using Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound
Brain stimulation techniques are important in both basic and clinical studies. Majority of well-known brain stimulating techniques have low spatial resolution or entail invasive processes. Low intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) seems to be a proper candidate for dealing with such deficiencies. This review recapitulates studies which explored the effects of LIFU on brain structures and its function, in both research and clinical areas. Although the mechanism of LIFU action is still unclear, its different effects from molecular level up to behavioral level can be explored in animal and human brain. It can also be coupled with brain imaging assessments in future research.
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-489-en.pdf
2016-07-01
187
194
10.15412/J.BCN.03070303
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS)
Non invasive brain stimulation (NIBS)
Neuromodulation
Neuroimaging
Ehsan
Rezayat
erezayat.er@gmail.com
1
Ultrasound Brain Stimulation Lab, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Iman
Ghodrati Toostani
iman.ghodrati@gmail.com
2
Interunidades Bioengenharia (EESC/FMRP/IQSC), Neurocognitive Engineering Lab, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE
Papaver Rhoeas L. Hydroalcoholic Extract Exacerbates Forced Swimming Test-Induced Depression in Mice
Introduction: Depression is one of the most frequent psychiatric disorders in the world with occurs with higher incidence in women. In the present study, the effect of water-alcoholic extract of Papaver rhoeas L. on forced swimming test (FST) in Swiss-Webster mice were examined.
Methods: We used Swiss-Webster mice (20-25 g) to execute FST on them. The plant extract (1, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) was injected to the animals 30 minutes before each session. Fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) was used as standard antidepressant drug. In another group of animals, 30 minutes after extract administration, blood samples were taken from retro-orbital sinus for corticosterone assay. Yet in third group, the drugs were injected to the animals and 30 minutes later, their activities were tested in an open field apparatus.
Results: Our experiments showed that the extract efficiently reduced FST time both in male and female mice dose-dependently. This effect was comparable with fluoxetine. In addition, corticosterone assay indicated that plasma corticosterone in animals which received extract was higher than those amounts in fluoxetine and saline controls. Moreover, the animals did not show any motor activity deficit in all doses of the extract and fluoxetine compared to saline control.
Conclusion: The extract of Papaver rhoeas can reduce immobility time which is comparable to the effect of fluoxetine. Also the effect of the extract is contrary to its effects on plasma corticosterone level and or animals’ activity.
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-299-en.pdf
2016-07-01
195
202
10.15412/J.BCN.03070304
Papaver rhoeas
Fluoxetine
Corticosterone
Locomotion
Stress
Naser
Osanloo
1
Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Akram
Najafi-Abedi
2
Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Jafari
3
Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Farshid
Javid
4
Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Pirpiran
5
Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad-Reza
Memar-Jafari
6
Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Seyed Ali
Mousavi-Khosravi
7
Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Rahimzadeh-Behzadi
8
Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mina
Ranjbaran
minaranjbaran@rocketmail.com
9
Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Hedayat
Sahraei
hsahraei1343@gmail.com
10
Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE
Age-Related Differences in Neuropathic Pain Behavior and Spinal Microglial Activity after L5 Spinal Nerve Ligation in Male Rats
Introduction: Several studies have reported the involvement of age-related changes in the development of neuropathic pain behaviors. However, limited data are available on the role of age in establishing and maintaining chronic neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury.
Methods: In the present study, we examined age-related neuropathic behavior among rats in 4 age groups: pups (4 weeks old; weight, 60–80 g), juvenile rats (6 weeks old; weight, 120–140 g), and mature rats (10–12 weeks old; weight, 200–250 g). Because the exact contribution of spinal microglia and its association with the development of neuropathic pain remains unknown, we also evaluated the expression of spinal Iba1, a microglial marker, by using western blotting before and 5 days after spinal nerve ligation (SNL) as well as after the daily IP administration of minocycline (30 mg/kg).
Results: Our results showed that SNL-induced mechanical allodynia but not thermal hyperalgesia in mature rats but not in pups (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The expression of spinal Iba1 in the juvenile rats was significantly lower than that in pups and mature rats (P<0.01). Moreover, administration of minocycline decreased the expression of spinal Iba1 in the pup rats more than in juvenile rats (P<0.001) and in the juvenile rats more than in the mature rats (P<0.05).
Conclusion: These data suggest that the development of neuropathic behaviors and microglial activation after SNL could be age dependent.
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-581-en.pdf
2016-07-01
203
212
10.15412/J.BCN.03070305
Age- related
Hyperalgesia
Allodynia
Iba1
Hossien
Zeinali
hzeinali53@gmail.com
1
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Homa
Manaheji
manahejih@sbmu.ac.ir
2
Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Jalal
Zaringhalam
Jzaringhalam@yahoo.com
3
Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Zahra
Bahari
bahari_441@yahoo.com
4
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Samad
Nazemi
samadnazami@gmail.com
5
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Sadeghi
sadeghi_mehdi@yahoo.com
6
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Boushehr University of Medical Sciences, Boushehr, Iran.
AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE
Effects of Dimethyl Sulfoxide on Neuronal Response Characteristics in Deep Layers of Rat Barrel Cortex
Introduction: Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a chemical often used as a solvent for waterinsoluble drugs. In this study, we evaluated the effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of DMSO on neural response characteristics (in 1200–1500 μm depth) of the rat barrel cortex.
Methods: DMSO solution was prepared in 10% v/v concentration and injected into the lateral ventricle of rats. Neuronal spontaneous activity and neuronal responses to deflection of the principal whisker (PW) and adjacent whisker (AW) were recorded in barrel cortex. A condition test ratio (CTR) was used to measure inhibitory receptive fields in barrel cortex.
Results: The results showed that both PW and AW evoked ON and OFF responses, neuronal spontaneous activity and inhibitory receptive fields did not change following ICV administration of DMSO.
Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that acute ICV administration of 10% DMSO did not modulate the electrophysiological characteristics of neurons in the l deep ayers of rat barrel cortex.
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-644-en.pdf
2016-07-01
213
220
10.15412/J.BCN.03070306
DMSO
Electrophysiology
Somatosensory cortex
Rats
Narjes
Soltani
hasti_javan@yahoo.com
1
Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Elham
Mohammadi
emohammadi91@gmail.com
2
Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Allahtavakoli
mohammadatir@yahoo.com
3
Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Shamsizadeh
alishamsy@gmail.com
4
Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Roohbakhsh
aroohbakhsh@yahoo.com
5
Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Abbas
Haghparast
haghparast@yahoo.com
6
Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE
Neural Correlates of Craving in Methamphetamine Abuse
Introduction: Methamphetamine is a powerful psychostimulant that causes significant neurological impairments with long-lasting effects and has provoked serious international concerns about public health. Denial of drug abuse and drug craving are two important factors that make the diagnosis and treatment extremely challenging. Here, we present a novel and rapid noninvasive method with potential application for differentiation and monitoring methamphetamine abuse.
Methods: Visual stimuli comprised a series of images with neutral and methamphetamine-related content. A total of 10 methamphetamine abusers and 10 age-gender matched controls participated in the experiments. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded and compared using a time window analysis method. The ERPs were divided into 19 time windows of 100 ms with 50 ms overlaps. The area of positive sections below each window was calculated to measure the differences between the two groups.
Results: Significant differences between two groups were observed from 250 to 500 ms (P300) in response to methamphetamine-related visual stimuli and 600 to 800 ms in response to neutral stimuli.
Conclusion: This study presented a novel and noninvasive method based on neural correlates to discriminate healthy individuals from methamphetamine drug abusers. This method can be employed in treatment and monitoring of the methamphetamine abuse.
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-561-en.pdf
2016-07-01
221
230
10.15412/J.BCN.03070307
Event-related potential
Brain
Methamphetamine
Craving
Fanak
Shahmohammadi
Fanak.shahmohammadi@gmail.com
1
Department of Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mehrshad
Golesorkhi
Mehrshad.golesorkhi@gmail.com
2
Translational Neuroscience Program, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad Mansour
Riahi Kashani
M_Riahi_Kashani@iau-tnb.ac.ir
3
Department of Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mehrdad
Sangi
4
Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Yoonessi
ayoonessi@gmail.com
5
McGill Vision Research, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
AUTHOR
Ali
Yoonessi
a-yoonessi@tums.ac.ir
6
Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE
The Role of C Fibers in Spinal Microglia Induction and Possible Relation with TRPV3 Expression During Chronic Inflammatory Arthritis in Rats
Introduction: Stimulation of peptidergic fibers activates microglia in the dorsal horn. Microglia activation causes fractalkine (FKN) release, a neuron-glia signal, which enhances pain. The transient vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) mediates the release of neuropeptides, which can subsequently activate glia. TRPV1 and TRPV2 are generally expressed on C and Aδ fibers, respectively. Expression of both proteins is upregulated during inflammation, but expression of TRPV3 after induction of inflammation is unclear.
Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were used in all experiments. Arthritis was induced in them by single subcutaneous injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) in their right hindpaws. Resiniferatoxin (RTX) was used to eliminate peptidergic fibers. We examined the relation between FKN and TRPV3 expression by administration of anti-FKN antibody.
Results: Our study findings indicated that 1) spinal TRPV3 was mostly expressed on nonpeptidergic fibers, 2) expression of spinal TRPV3 increased following inflammation, 3) elimination of peptidergic fibers decreased spinal TRPV3 expression, 4) alteration of hyperalgesia was compatible with TRPV3 changes in RTX-treated rat, and 5) anti-FKN antibody reduced spinal TRPV3 expression.
Conclusion: It seems that the hyperalgesia variation during different phases of CFA-induced arthritis correlates with spinal TRPV3 expression variation on peptidergic fibers. Moreover, spinal microglial activation during CFA inflammation is involved in TRPV3 expression changes via FKN signaling.
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-650-en.pdf
2016-07-01
231
240
10.15412/J.BCN.03070308
Hyperalgesia
TRPV3
Microglia
Fractalkine
Sasan
Gazerani
s_gazerani@hotmail.com
1
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Jalal
Zaringhalam
jzaringhalam@yahoo.com
2
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
AUTHOR
Homa
Manaheji
hshardimanaheji@yahoo.com
3
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Sahar
Golabi
sgolabister@gmail.com
4
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE
Morphine-Induced Analgesic Tolerance Effect on Gene Expression of the NMDA Receptor Subunit 1 in Rat Striatum and Prefrontal Cortex
Introduction: Morphine is a potent analgesic but its continual use results in analgesic tolerance. Mechanisms of this tolerance remain to be clarified. However, changes in the functions of μ-opioid and N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors have been proposed in morphine tolerance. We examined changes in gene expression of the NMDA receptor subunit 1 (NR1) at mRNA levels in rat striatum and prefrontal cortex (PFC) after induction of morphine tolerance.
Methods: Morphine (10 mg/kg, IP) was injected in male Wistar rats for 7 consecutive days (intervention group), but control rats received just normal saline (1 mL/kg, IP). We used a hotplate test of analgesia to assess induction of tolerance to analgesic effects of morphine on days 1 and 8 of injections. Later, two groups of rats were sacrificed one day after 7 days of injections, their whole brains removed, and the striatum and PFC immediately dissected. Then, the NR1 gene expression was examined with a semi-quantitative RT-PCR method.
Results: The results showed that long-term morphine a administration induces tolerance to analgesic effect of the opioid, as revealed by a significant decrease in morphine-induced analgesia on day 8 compared to day 1 of the injections (P<0.001). The results also showed that the NR1 gene expression at mRNA level in rats tolerant to morphine was significantly increased in the striatum (P<0.01) but decreased in the PFC (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Therefore, changes in the NR1 gene expression in rat striatum and PFC have a region-specific association with morphine-induced analgesic tolerance.
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-540-en.pdf
2016-07-01
241
248
10.15412/J.BCN.03070309
Morphine
Gene expression
Prefrontal cortex
Corpus striatum
Shamseddin
Ahmadi
sh.ahmadi@uok.ac.ir
1
Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Rafieenia
f.rafieenia@uok.ac.ir
2
Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
AUTHOR
Jalal
Rostamzadeh
j.rostamzadeh@uok.ac.ir
3
Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE
5-HT2A Serotonin Receptor Density in Adult Male Rats’ Hippocampus after Morphine-based Conditioned Place Preference
Introduction: A close interaction exists between the brain opioid and serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmitter systems. Brain neurotransmitter 5-HT plays an important role in the regulation of reward-related processing. However, a few studies have investigated the potential role of 5-HT2A receptors in this behavior. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the
influence of morphine and Conditioned Place Preference (CPP) on the density of 5-HT2A receptor in neurons of rat hippocampal formation.
Methods: Morphine (10 mg/kg, IP) was injected in male Wistar rats for 7 consecutive days (intervention group), but control rats received just normal saline (1 mL/kg, IP). We used a hotplate test of analgesia to assess induction of tolerance to analgesic effects of morphine on days 1 and 8 of injections. Later, two groups of rats were sacrificed one day after 7 days of injections, their whole brains removed, and the striatum and PFC immediately dissected. Then, the NR1 gene expression was examined with a semi-quantitative RT-PCR method.
Results: Our data showed that the maximum response was obtained with 2.5 mg/kg of morphine. The density of 5-HT2A receptor in different areas of the hippocampus increased significantly at sham-morphine and CPP groups (P<0.05). On the other hand, the CPP groups had more 5-HT2A receptors than sham-morphine groups and also the sham-morphine groups had more 5-HT2A receptors than the control groups.
Conclusion: We concluded that the phenomenon of conditioned place preference induced by morphine can cause a significant increase in the number of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors in neurons of all areas of hippocampus.
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-521-en.pdf
2016-07-01
249
258
10.15412/J.BCN.03070310
Conditioned place preference
Morphine
5-HT2A receptors
Hippocampus
Rats
Rabie
Mohammadi
1
Department of Anatomy, Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mehrdad
Jahanshahi
mejahanshahi@yahoo.com
2
Department of Anatomy, Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Seyed Behnamedin
Jameie
3
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE
The Effects of Inflammatory Tooth Pain on Anxiety in Adult Male Rats
Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effects of induced inflammatory tooth pain on anxiety level in adult male rats.
Methods: The mandibular incisors of 56 adult male rats were cut off and prefabricated crowns were fixed on the teeth. Formalin and capsaicin were injected intradentally to induce inflammatory tooth pain. Diazepam treated group received diazepam 30 minutes before intradental injection. The anxietyrelated behavior was evaluated with elevated plus maze test.
Results: Intradental application of chemical noxious stimuli, capsaicin and formalin, significantly affected nociceptive behaviors (P<0.001). Capsaicin (P<0.001) and formalin (P<0.01) significantly increased the anxiety levels in rats by decrease in the duration of time spent in open arm and increase in the duration of time spent in closed arm. Rats that received capsaicin made fewer open arm entries compared to the control animals (P<0.05). Capsaicin (P<0.001) and formalin (P<0.01) treated rats showed more stretch attend postures compared to the control and sham operated animals. In diazepampretreated
rats, capsaicin induced algesic effect was prevented (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Inflammatory pulpal pain has anxiogenic effect on rats, whereas diazepam premedication showed both anxiolytic and pain reducing effects.
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-641-en.pdf
2016-07-01
259
268
10.15412/J.BCN.03070311
Odontalgia
Capsaicin
Formalin
Diazepam
Anxiety
Elevated plus maze
Maryam
Raoof
Maryam.raoof@gmail.com
1
Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Hamed
Ebrahimnejad
raoofm56@yahoo.com
2
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Abbasnejad
Aeen9@yahoo.com
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ladan
Amirkhosravi
lamirkhosravi@yahoo.com
4
Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ramin
Raoof
Raoof_Ramin@yahoo.com
5
Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Saeed
Esmaeili Mahani
Semahani@yahoo.com
6
Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Ramazani
m.ramazani@mazums.ac.ir
7
Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Noushin
Shokouhinejad
Shokouhinejad@yahoo.com
8
Dental Research Center, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mehrfam
Khoshkhounejad
mehr_nejad@yahoo.com
9
Dental Research Center, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE
Repetitive Arm Movements During Sleep: A Polysomnographic Assessment
Sleep-related movement disorders should be differentiated from parasomnias, sleep-associated behavioral disorders, and epilepsy. Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard in evaluating such disorders. Periodic leg movement disorder during sleep (PLMS), hypnic jerks, bruxism, rhythmic movement disorder, restless legs syndrome, and nocturnal leg cramps have broadly been discussed in the literature. However, periodic arm movement disorder in sleep (PAMS) is a less-appreciated entity perhaps because arm surface electromyography is not an integral part of the standard polysomnography. Results from our PSG study in a case suspected for PAMS prompted us to herewith discuss this problem.
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-683-en.pdf
2016-07-01
269
275
10.15412/J.BCN.03070312
Polysomnography
Periodic arm movements during sleep
Sleep disorders
Mohammad
Torabi-Nami
torabinami@sums.ac.ir
1
Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Samrad
Mehrabi
mehrabis@sums.ac.ir
2
Sleep Disorders Laboratory, Namazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Sabri
Derman
drsabriderman@gmail.com
3
Sleep Disorders Unit, American Hospital, Koç Foundation, Istanbul, Turkey
AUTHOR