en
jalali
1394
10
1
gregorian
2016
1
1
7
1
online
1
fulltext
en
The Effects of L-arginine on the Hippocampus of Male Rat Fetuses under Maternal Stress
Introduction: Prenatal stress has deleterious effects on the development of the brain and is associated with behavioral and psychosocial problems in childhood and adulthood. This study aimed to determine the protective effect of L-arginine on fetal brain under maternal stress.
Methods: Twenty pregnant Wistar rats (weighting 200-230 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=5 for each group). The first nonstress and stress groups received 2 mL of normal saline and the other nonstress and stress two groups received L-arginine (200 mg/kg, IP) from their 5th to 20th days of pregnancy. The pregnant rats were killed on 20th day and the brain fetuses removed and prefrontal cortical thickness, total neurons in the prefrontal cortex and in the areas of CA1,
CA2, and CA3 of the hippocampus were measured and counted. Nitrite levels in the brain were measured as an indicator for nitric oxide (NO) level.
Results: There was a significant decrease of mean number of pyramidal cells in the CA1 in prenatal stress group compared to nonstress and nonstress plus arginine groups. The NO level in brain tissue increased significantly in the stress plus arginine (3.8±0.4 nmol/mg) and in nonstress rats (2.9±0.3 nmol/mg) compared to the stress group (1.8±0.1 nmol/mg). Prefrontal cortical thickness decreased significantly in stress rats (1.2±0.09 mm) compared to the nonstress plus
arginine (1.7±0.15 mm) and nonstress (1.6±0.13 mm) groups.
Discussion: Results indicated that prenatal stress could lead to neurodegeneration of hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of rat fetuses. L-arginine as a precursor of NO synthesis had neuroprotective effect during prenatal stress and could be used an effective treatment for stress.
Fetuses, Hippocampal formation, L-arginine, Pregnancy, Rats, Stress
5
12
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-690-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2015/03/13
1393/12/22
2015/08/27
1394/6/5
Reza
Mahmoudi
Organization
0031947532846006165
0031947532846006165
No
Elham
Enant
Organization
0031947532846006166
0031947532846006166
No
Hamdollah
Delaviz
Department of Anatomy, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
delavizhamdi83@gmail.com
0031947532846006167
0031947532846006167
Yes
Parastou
Rad
Organization
0031947532846006168
0031947532846006168
No
Amrollah
Roozbehi
Organization
0031947532846006169
0031947532846006169
No
Mehrzad
Jafari Barmak
Organization
0031947532846006170
0031947532846006170
No
Arsalan
Azizi
Organization
0031947532846006171
0031947532846006171
No
en
A Study of Various Feature Extraction Methods on a Motor Imagery Based Brain Computer Interface System
Introduction: Brain Computer Interface (BCI) systems based on Movement Imagination (MI) are widely used in recent decades. Separate feature extraction methods are employed in the MI data sets and classified in Virtual Reality (VR) environments for real-time applications.
Methods: This study applied wide variety of features on the recorded data using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifier to select the best feature sets in the offline mode. The data set was recorded in 3-class tasks of the left hand, the right hand, and the foot motor imagery.
Results: The experimental results showed that Auto-Regressive (AR), Mean Absolute Value (MAV), and Band Power (BP) features have higher accuracy values,75% more than those for the other features.
Discussion: These features were selected for the designed real-time navigation. The corresponding results revealed the subject-specific nature of the MI-based BCI system however, the Power Spectral Density (PSD) based ;alpha-BP feature had the highest averaged accuracy.
Electroencephalography, Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), Automatic data processing
13
20
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-352-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2015/03/132015/02/28
1393/12/9
2015/08/272015/06/21
1394/3/31
Seyed Navid
Resalat
Organization
0031947532846006163
0031947532846006163
No
Valiallah
Saba
Radiation Research Center, Faculty of Paramedicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
vsaba@aut.ac.ir
0031947532846006164
0031947532846006164
Yes
en
Protection of Hippocampal CA1 Neurons Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Exercise Preconditioning via Modulation of Bax/ Bcl-2 Ratio and Prevention of Caspase-3 Activation
Introduction: Ischemia leads to loss of neurons by apoptosis in specific brain regions, especially in the hippocampus. The purpose of this study was investigating the effects of exercise preconditioning on expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 proteins in hippocampal CA1 neurons after induction of cerebral ischemia.
Methods: Male rats weighing 260-300 g were randomly allocated into three groups (sham, exercise, and ischemia). The rats in exercise group were trained to run on a treadmill 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Ischemia was induced by the occlusion of both common carotid arteries (CCAs) for 20 min. Levels of expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 proteins in CA1 area of hippocampus were determined by immunohistochemical staining .
Results: The number of active caspase-3-positive neurons in CA1 area were significantly increased in ischemia group, compared to sham-operated group (P<0.001), and exercise preconditioning significantly reduced the ischemia/reperfusion-induced caspase-3 activation, compared to the ischemia group (P<0.05). Also, results indicated a significant increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in ischemia group, compared to sham-operated group (P<0.001).
Discussion: This study indicated that exercise has a neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia when used as preconditioning stimuli.
Ischemia, Exercise, Hippocampus, Apoptosis, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3
21
30
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-766-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2015/03/132015/02/282015/03/3
1393/12/12
2015/08/272015/06/212015/06/27
1394/4/6
Nahid
Aboutaleb
Organization
0031947532846006172
0031947532846006172
No
Nabi
Shamsaei
Department of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
shamsaeinabi@gmail.com
0031947532846006173
0031947532846006173
Yes
Hamid
Rajabi
Organization
0031947532846006174
0031947532846006174
No
Mehdi
Khaksari
Organization
0031947532846006175
0031947532846006175
No
Sohaila
Erfani
Organization
0031947532846006176
0031947532846006176
No
Farnaz
Nikbakht
Organization
0031947532846006177
0031947532846006177
No
Pezhman
Motamedi
Organization
0031947532846006178
0031947532846006178
No
Ali
Shahbazi
Organization
0031947532846006179
0031947532846006179
No
en
Impaired Memory and Evidence of Histopathology in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons through Injection of Aβ1-42 Peptides into the Frontal Cortices of Rat
Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, which has much benefited from animal models to find the basics of its pathophysiology. In our previous work (Haghani, Shabani, Javan, Motamedi, & Janahmadi, 2012), a non-transgenic rat model of AD was used in electrophysiological studies. However, we did not investigate the histological aspects in the mentioned study.
Methods: An AD model was developed through bilateral injection of amyloid-;beta peptides (A;beta) into the frontal cortices. Behavioral and histological methods were used to assess alterations in the memory and (ultra)structures. Furthermore, melatonin has been administered to assess its efficacy on this AD model.
Results: Passive avoidance showed a progressive decline in the memory following A;beta injection. Furthermore, Nissl staining showed that A;beta neurotoxicity caused shrinkage of the CA1 pyramidal neurons. Neurodegeneration was clearly evident from Fluoro-jade labeled neurons in A;beta treated rats. Moreover, higher NF-;kappaB immunoreactive CA1 pyramidal neurons were remarkably observed in A;beta treated rats. Ultrastructural analysis using electron microscopy also showed the
evidence of subcellular abnormalities. Melatonin treatment in this model of AD prevented A;beta- induced increased NF-;kappaB from immunoreaction and neurodegeneration.
Discussion: This study suggests that injection of A;beta into the frontal cortices results in the memory decline and histochemical disturbances in CA1 pyramidal neurons. Furthermore, melatonin can prevent several histological changes induced by A;beta.
Amyloid-β, Frontal cortex, Hippocampus, Memory, Melatonin, Animal model
31
42
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-473-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2015/03/132015/02/282015/03/32015/04/16
1394/1/27
2015/08/272015/06/212015/06/272015/09/20
1394/6/29
Mohammad Javad
Eslamizade
Organization
0031947532846006180
0031947532846006180
No
Zahra
Madjd
Organization
0031947532846006181
0031947532846006181
No
Homa
Rasoolijazi
Organization
0031947532846006182
0031947532846006182
No
Fatemeh
Saffarzadeh
Organization
0031947532846006183
0031947532846006183
No
Zahra
Madjd
Organization
0031947532846006184
0031947532846006184
No
Vahid
Pirhajati
Organization
0031947532846006185
0031947532846006185
No
Hadi
Aligholi
Organization
0031947532846006186
0031947532846006186
No
Mahyar
Janahmadi
Organization
0031947532846006187
0031947532846006187
No
Mehdi
Mehdizadeh
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mehdizadeh.m@iums.ac.ir
0031947532846006188
0031947532846006188
Yes
en
Evaluation of Berlin Questionnaire Validity for Sleep Apnea Risk in Sleep Clinic Populations
Introduction: The Berlin questionnaire (BQ) is a common tool to screen for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in the general population, but its application in the clinical sleep setting is still challenging. The aim of this study was to determine the specificity and sensitivity of the BQ compared to the apnea-hypopnea index obtained from polysomnography recordings obtained from a sleep clinic in Iran.
Methods: We recruited 100 patients who were referred to the Sleep Disorders Research Center of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences for the evaluation of suspected sleep-disorder breathing difficulties. Patients completed a Persian version of BQ and underwent one night of PSG. For each patient, Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) was calculated to assess the diagnosis and severity of OSA. Severity of OSA was categorized as mild when AHI was between 5 and 15, moderate when it was between 15 and 30, and severe when it was more than 30.
Results: BQ results categorized 65% of our patients as high risk and 35% as low risk for OSA. The sensitivity and the specificity of BQ for OSA diagnosis with AHI>5 were 77.3% and 23.1%, respectively. Positive predictive value was 68.0% and negative predictive value was 22.0%. Moreover, the area under curve was 0.53 (95% CI: 0.49 – 0.67, P=0.38).
Discussion: Our findings suggested that BQ, despite its advantages in the general population, is not a precise tool to determine the risk of sleep apnea in the clinical setting, particularly in the sleep clinic population.
Sleep apnea, Obstructive, Berlin questionnaire, Sleep clinic, Validation
43
48
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-715-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2015/03/132015/02/282015/03/32015/04/162015/04/18
1394/1/29
2015/08/272015/06/212015/06/272015/09/202015/06/28
1394/4/7
Behnam
Khaledi-Paveh
Organization
0031947532846008011
0031947532846008011
No
Habibolah
Khazaie
Organization
0031947532846008012
0031947532846008012
No
Marzie
Nasouri
Organization
0031947532846008013
0031947532846008013
No
Mohammad Rasoul
Ghadami
Organization
0031947532846008014
0031947532846008014
No
Masoud
Tahmasian
Sleep Disorders Research Center, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
masoudtahmasian@gmail.com
0031947532846008015
0031947532846008015
Yes
en
Behavioral and Biochemical Evidences for Antidepressant-Like Activity of Celastrus Paniculatus Seed Oil in Mice
Introduction: Celastrus paniculatus seed oil, commonly known as Malkangni or Jyotishmati, was in use from time immemorial to treat brain related disorders. Celastrus paniculatus seed oil has significant antidepressant-like activity in chronic unpredictable stressed mice. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidepressant-like effect of Celastrus paniculatus seed oil in unstressed mice and to explore its mechanism of action.
Methods: The seed oil (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, PO) and fluoxetine per se were administered for 14 successive days to Swiss young albino mice. On the 14th day, 60 min after drug administration, animals were subjected to Tail Suspension Test (TST) and Forced Swim Test (FST). The mechanism of action was also studied.
Results: The oil significantly decreased immobility period of mice in both tail suspension test and forced swim test, indicating its significant antidepressant-like activity. The efficacy was found to be comparable to fluoxetine (P<0.0001). ED50 value of celastrus seed oil using FST and TST were 17.38 and 31.62 mg/kg, respectively. The oil did not show any significant effect on locomotor activity. It significantly inhibited brain MAO‒A activity and decreased plasma corticosterone levels. Sulpiride
(selective D2-receptor antagonist), p-CPA (tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor), and baclofen (GABAB agonist) significantly attenuated the oil-induced antidepressant-like effect, when assessed during TST.
Discussion: Celastrus paniculatus seed oil produced significant antidepressant-like effect in mice possibly through interaction with dopamine D2, serotonergic, and GABAB receptors as well as inhibition of MAO‒A activity and decrease in plasma corticosterone levels.
Celastrus paniculatus, Corticosterone, Depression, Forced swim test, Monoamine oxidase, Tail suspension test
49
56
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-745-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2015/03/132015/02/282015/03/32015/04/162015/04/182015/01/10
1393/10/20
2015/08/272015/06/212015/06/272015/09/202015/06/282015/06/29
1394/4/8
Rekha
Valecha
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Guru Jambheshwar, University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India.
valecha_123@yahoo.co.in
0031947532846006778
0031947532846006778
Yes
Dinesh
Dhingra
Organization
0031947532846006779
0031947532846006779
No
en
Contribution of Somatic and Dendritic SK Channels in the Firing Rate of Deep Cerebellar Nuclei: Implication in Cerebellar Ataxia
Introduction: Loss of inhibitory output from Purkinje cells leads to hyperexcitability of the Deep Cerebellar Nuclei (DCN), which results in cerebellar ataxia. Also, inhibition of small-conductancecalcium-activated potassium (SK) channel increases firing rate f DCN, which could cause cerebellar ataxia. Therefore, SK channel activators can be effective in reducing the symptoms of this disease, and used for the treatment of cerebellar ataxia. In this regard, we hypothesized that blockade of SK channels in different compartments of DCN would increase firing rate with different value. The location of these channels has different effects on increasing firing rate.
Methods: In this study, multi-compartment computational model of DCN was used. This computational stimulation allowed us to study the changes in the firing activity of DCN neuron without concerns about interfering parameters in the experiment.
Results: The simulation results demonstrated that blockade of somatic and dendritic SK channel increased the firing rate of DCN. In addition, after hyperpolarization (AHP) amplitude increased with blocking SK channel, and its regularity and resting potential changed. However, action potentials amplitude and duration had no significant changes. The simulation results illustrated a more significant contribution of SK channels on the dendritic tree to the DCN firing rate. SK channels in the proximal dendrites have more impact on firing rate compared to distal dendrites.
Discussion: Therefore, inhibition of SK channel in DCN can cause cerebellar ataxia, and SK channel openers can have a therapeutic effect on cerebellar ataxia. In addition, the location of SK channels could be important in therapeutic goals. Dendritic SK channels can be a more effective target compared to somatic SK channels
Cerebellar ataxia, Smallconductance calciumactivated potassium channels, Deep cerebellar nuclei, Computer simulation
57
62
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-188-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2015/03/132015/02/282015/03/32015/04/162015/04/182015/01/102015/03/10
1393/12/19
2015/08/272015/06/212015/06/272015/09/202015/06/282015/06/292015/06/15
1394/3/25
Samira
Abbasi
Computational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Biomedical engineering, Faculty of electrical engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran.
samira.abbasi@gmail.com
0031947532846006203
0031947532846006203
No
Ataollah
Abbasi
Department of Mechatronics, School of Engineering Technologies, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
ata.abbasi@gmail.com
0031947532846006204
0031947532846006204
Yes
Yashar
Sarbaz
Assistant professor, School of Engineering- Emerging Technologies, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
yashar22c@yahoo.com
0031947532846006205
0031947532846006205
No
Parviz
Shahabi
Assistant professor, Neuroscience Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
Parvizshahabi@gmail.com
0031947532846006206
0031947532846006206
No
en
Focal Injection of Ethidium Bromide as a Simple Model to Study Cognitive Deficit and Its Improvement
Introduction: Memory and cognitive impairments are some of devastating outcomes of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) plaques in hippocampus, the gray matter part of the brain. The present study aimed to evaluate the intrahippocampal injection of Ethidium Bromide (EB) as a simple and focal model to assess cognition and gray matter demyelination.
Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group, which received saline, as solvent of EB, into the hippocampus and two experimental groups, which received 3 ;muL of EB into the hippocampus, and then, were evaluated 7 and 28 days after EB injection (n=10 in each group), using a 5-day protocol of Morris Water Maze (MWM) task as well as Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) assay.
Results: Seven days after EB injection, the behavioral study revealed a significance increase in travelled distance for platform finding in the experimental group compared to the control group. In addition, the nucleus of oligodendrocyte showed the typical clumped chromatin, probably attributed to apoptosis, and the myelin sheaths of some axons were unwrapped and disintegrated. Twentyeight days after EB injection, the traveled distance and the time spent in target quadrant significantly
decreased and increased, respectively in experimental groups compared to the control group. Also, TEM micrographs revealed a thin layer of remyelination around the axons in 28 days lesion group.
Discussion: While intracerebral or intraventricular injection of EB is disseminated in different parts of the brain and can affect the other motor and sensory systems, this model is confined locally and facilitates behavioral study. Also, this project could show improvement of memory function subsequent to the physiological repair of the gray matter of the hippocampus.
Behavior, Remyelination, Ethidium bromide, Hippocampus, Rat
63
73
http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-146-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2015/03/132015/02/282015/03/32015/04/162015/04/182015/01/102015/03/102015/04/10
1394/1/21
2015/08/272015/06/212015/06/272015/09/202015/06/282015/06/292015/06/152015/09/12
1394/6/21
Mahdi
Goudarzvand
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
m118medical@yahoo.com
0031947532846006249
0031947532846006249
Yes
Samira
Choopani
Physiology and Pharmacology Dept.
samirachoopani@yahoo.com
0031947532846006250
0031947532846006250
No
Alireza
Shams
Anatomy Dept., Medical School
arshams_2000@yahoo.com
0031947532846006251
0031947532846006251
No
Mohammad
Javan
Physiology department, Faculty of medicine,
mjavan@modares.ac.ir
0031947532846006252
0031947532846006252
No
Zohreh
Khodaii
Biochemistry and Nutrition Dept.
zkhodaii@yahoo.com
0031947532846006253
0031947532846006253
No
Farhad
Ghamsari
Alborz University of Medical Sciences
gamssarif@yahoo.com
0031947532846006254
0031947532846006254
No
Naser
Naghdi
Physiology and Pharmacology Dept.
nnaghdiir@yahoo.com
0031947532846006255
0031947532846006255
No
Abbas
Piryaei
Biology and Anatomy Dept.
piryae@sbmu.ac.ir
0031947532846006256
0031947532846006256
No
Abbas
Haghparast
Physiology dept., Faculty of Medicine
haghparast@yahoo.com
0031947532846006257
0031947532846006257
No