en Cellular and molecular Neuroscience Cellular and molecular Neuroscience Original Original <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Introduction: </strong>The nerve fibers in central nervous system are surrounded by myelin sheet &nbsp;which is formed by oligodendrocytes. Cell therapy based on oligodendrocytes and their precursors transplantation can hold a promising alternative treatment for myelin sheet repair in demyelinating diseases.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) are noninvasive, autologous and easy available source with multipotency characteristics, so they are in focus of interest in regenerative medicine. In the present study, hDPSCs were differentiated into oligoprogenitor using glial induction media, containing Retinoic Acid (RA), basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF), Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), N2 and B27. The differentiated Oligoprogenitor Cells (OPCs) were evaluated for nestin, Olig2, NG2 and O4 using immunocytochemistry. Also, the expression of nestin, Olig2 and PDGFR-&alpha; gens (neuroprogenitor and oligoprogenitor markers) were investigated via RT-PCR technique.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Results:</strong> The results indicate that glial differentiation medium induces the generation of oligoprogenitor cells as revealed via exhibition of specific glial markers, including Olig2, NG2 and O4. The expersion of nestin gene (neuroprogenitor marker) and Olig2 and PDGFR-&alpha; genes (oligoprogentor markers) were detected in treated hDPSCs at the end of the induction stage.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> hDPSCs can be induced to transdifferentiate into oligoprogenitor cells and respond to the routinely applied regents for glial differentiation of mesanchymal stem cells. These data suggest the hDPSCs &nbsp;as a valuable source for cell therapy in neurodegenerative diseases.</div> Dental pulp stem cells, Regenerative medicine, Oligoprogenitor cells, Mesenchymal stem cells 387 394 http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-973-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ardeshir Moayeri 13700319475328460010936 13700319475328460010936 No Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Maryam Nazm Bojnordi h.ghasemi@mazums.ac.ir 13700319475328460010937 13700319475328460010937 No Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Sara Haratizadeh 13700319475328460010938 13700319475328460010938 No Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Amir Esmaeilnejad-Moghadam 13700319475328460010939 13700319475328460010939 No Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Rafieh Alizadeh 13700319475328460010940 13700319475328460010940 No ENT and Head & Neck Research Center and Department, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran. Hatef Ghasemi Hamidabadi h.ghasemi@mazums.ac.ir 13700319475328460010941 13700319475328460010941 Yes Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.