en Cellular and molecular Neuroscience Cellular and molecular Neuroscience Original Original <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Introduction:</strong> The present study aimed to explore protective mechanisms of hypothermia against mild cold and heat stress on highly proliferative homogeneous human Neural Precursor Cells (NPCs) derived from Subventricular Zone (SVZ) of human fetal brain.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> CD133+ve enriched undifferentiated and differentiated human NPCs were exposed to heat stress at 42&deg;C. Then, Western-blot quantification was performed using Hsp-70 (70 kilodalton heat shock proteins) recombinant protein. Finally, changes in pluripotency and Hsp-70 expression were measured using immunofluorescence staining and RT-qPCR (Quantitative reverse transcription PCR) analysis, respectively.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Results: </strong>Heat stress resulted in abnormal neurospheres development. The apoptosis rate was enhanced during long-term in vitro culture of neurospheres. Neurogenic differentiation reduced and showed aberrent phenotypes during heat stress. After hypothermia treatment significant improvement in neurospheres and neuronal cell morphology was observed.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Mild-hypothermia treatment induces attenuated heat shock response against heat stress resulting in induced HSP-70 expression that significantly improves structure and function of both undifferentiated human NPCs and differentiated neurons.</div> Hypothermia, Neurospheres development, Neuronal phenotype, HSP-70 expression 453 466 http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-786-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sandeep Kumar Vishwakarma 13700319475328460014727 13700319475328460014727 Yes Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India. Avinash Bardia 13700319475328460014728 13700319475328460014728 No Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India. Nusrath Fathima 13700319475328460014729 13700319475328460014729 No Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India. Lakkireddy Chandrakala 13700319475328460014730 13700319475328460014730 No Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India. Syed Rahamathulla 13700319475328460014731 13700319475328460014731 No Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India. Nagarapu Raju 13700319475328460014732 13700319475328460014732 No Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India. Gunda Srinivas 13700319475328460014733 13700319475328460014733 No Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India. Avinash Raj 13700319475328460014734 13700319475328460014734 No Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India. Annamaneni Sandhya 13700319475328460014735 13700319475328460014735 No Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India. Vishnupriya Satti 13700319475328460014736 13700319475328460014736 No Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India. Santosh Kumar Tiwari 13700319475328460014737 13700319475328460014737 No Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India. Syed Ameer Basha Paspala 13700319475328460014738 13700319475328460014738 No Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India. Aleem Ahmed Khan aleem_a_khan@rediffmail.com 13700319475328460014739 13700319475328460014739 No Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.