en Cellular and molecular Neuroscience Cellular and molecular Neuroscience News and Reports News and Reports <p> <b> Introduction:</b> Various neuroregenerative procedures have been recently employed along with neurorehabilitation programs to promote neurological function after Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), and recently most of them have focused on the acute stage of spinal cord injury. In this report, we present a case of acute SCI treated with neuroprotective treatments in conjunction with conventional rehabilitation program.</p><p> <b>Methods: </b>A case of acute penetrative SCI (gunshot wound), 40 years old, was treated with intrathecal bone marrow derived stem cells and parenteral Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) along with rehabilitation program. The neurological outcomes as well as safety issues have been reported. </p><div><b>Results: </b>Assessment with American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA), showed neurological improvement, meanwhile he reported neuropathic pain, which was amenable to oral medication. <div><b>Discussion:</b> In the acute setting, combination therapy of G-CSF and intrathecal Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) was safe in our case as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation programs. Further controlled studies are needed to find possible side effects, and establish net efficacy. </div></div> Mesenchymal stem cells, Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, Spinal cord injury 299 305 http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-114-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Nazi Derakhshanrad nderakhshan@hotmail.com 1370031947532846005967 1370031947532846005967 No Brain and Spinal cord Injury Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hooshang Saberi hgsaberi@yahoo.com 1370031947532846005968 1370031947532846005968 Yes Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center (BASIR), Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran. Keyvan Tayebi Meybodi ktayebi@gmail.com 1370031947532846005969 1370031947532846005969 No Department of Neurosurgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Taghvaei m.taghvaei86@gmail.com 1370031947532846005970 1370031947532846005970 No Department of Neurosurgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Babak Arjmand arjmand_itb@yahoo.com 1370031947532846005971 1370031947532846005971 No Brain and Spinal cord Injury Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamid Reza Aghayan hr.aghayan@gmail.com 1370031947532846005972 1370031947532846005972 No Brain and Spinal cord Injury Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amir Hassan Kohan kohanah@hotmail.com 1370031947532846005973 1370031947532846005973 No Brain and Spinal cord Injury Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Haghpanahi mhaghpanahi@iust.ac.ir 1370031947532846005974 1370031947532846005974 No Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran Shahrokh Rahmani rahmani_shahrokh@mecheng.iust.ac.ir 1370031947532846005975 1370031947532846005975 No Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran