en Behavioral Neuroscience Behavioral Neuroscience News and Reports News and Reports Herpes zoster is a rare cause of non-discogenic sciatica. A combination of case rarity and name similarity was nearly leading to an inopportune surgery in a 21 years old woman. The clinical presentation was completely similar to a cauda equina syndrome associated with urinary incontinence and bilateral leg involvement. Concurrently, lumbosacral imaging of another patient with exactly similar name in the picture archiving communications system (PACS) has shown a huge L5-1 disc herniation. Careful attention to all diverse causes of sciatica and identifying details of the images could prevent improper discectomy in our patient. Herpes zoster, Sciatica, Discectomy 133 135 http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-287-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Farzad Omidi-Kashani omidif@mums.ac.ir 1370031947532846005312 1370031947532846005312 Yes Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Seyed Mohammad Ata Sharifi Dalooei SharifiMA921@mums.ac.ir 1370031947532846005313 1370031947532846005313 No Mashhad University of Medical Sciences