en Computational Neuroscience Computational Neuroscience Original Original <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Introduction</strong>: Despite extensive study, how conscious and unconscious priming influence visual perception remains only partially understood. In this work, we examine their distinct effects across multiple experimental conditions within a binocular rivalry paradigm to provide a more comprehensive perspective on identity and category recognition.<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: Participants were presented with word or image primes, followed by a name-picture verification task in which faces or animal bodies served as targets. Although conscious priming has been shown to facilitate identity recognition while interfering with category perception, the precise distinction between conscious and unconscious states, as well as the mechanisms underlying unconscious priming, requires further detailed analysis. Left-hemispheric processing was one of the influential factors in distinguishing conscious from unconscious priming effects. &nbsp;&nbsp;<br> <strong>Results</strong>: Interestingly, we observed a negative correlation between conscious and unconscious perception during identity recognition, highlighting the condition-dependent modulation of visual perception in the priming paradigm.<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: From the regression analyses, awareness showed the strongest predictor of priming magnitude, with recognition level playing a secondary role. More broadly, our findings demonstrate that visual perception circuits are modulated condition-dependently, underscoring how awareness and trial context jointly shape recognition processes.</div> Conscious priming, Unconscious priming, Visual perception, Identity recognition, Category recognition, Support vector regression, Sensitivity analysis 53 68 http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1191-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Samaneh Navab Kashani snavabbb@gmail.com 13700319475328460057324 0009-0006-7033-9167 No Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Reza Khosrowabadi khosroabadi@sbu.ac.ir 13700319475328460057325 13700319475328460057325 Yes Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad-Reza A. Dehaqani dehaqani@ut.ac.ir 13700319475328460057326 13700319475328460057326 No College of Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.