en Cognitive Neuroscience Cognitive Neuroscience Original Original <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Introduction</strong>: Alzheimer disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by deterioration in cognitive abilities, currently affects around 24 to 50 million individuals worldwide. However, effective non-invasive therapeutic options are still unavailable. Disruption of gamma-band neural oscillations (~40 Hz), which underlie higher-order cognitive processes such as working memory and executive function, has been repeatedly documented in both human and animal models of AD. Targeted auditory stimulation at gamma frequencies has recently emerged as a potential neuromodulatory strategy for mitigating these deficits.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: In a controlled experimental framework, 30 individuals clinically diagnosed with early-stage AD, confirmed via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and exhibiting mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores between 10 and 20, were randomly divided into two groups: the intervention (n=15) and control (n=15) groups using a quasi-experimental parallel-group pre&ndash;post design. The intervention group received 30 sessions of auditory stimulation using binaural beats centered at 40 Hz over 3 weeks. In contrast, the control group listened to an acoustically comparable audio file lacking gamma-frequency modulation. Cognitive performance was assessed using computerized versions of the Corsi block-tapping test, the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST), and the digit span test. In addition, resting-state quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) was conducted to evaluate frontal lobe gamma-band activity under both eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. &nbsp;&nbsp;<br> <strong>Results</strong>: Statistical analysis revealed that gamma-band auditory stimulation resulted in a significant enhancement of visuospatial working memory (P=0.001, Cohen&rsquo;s d=1.42) and cognitive flexibility (P=0.028, Cohen&rsquo;s d=0.78), alongside marked increases in both absolute and relative gamma power in the frontal cortex under eyes-closed conditions (P<0.01).&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: These findings suggest that auditory stimulation at 40 Hz selectively modulates neural circuits associated with executive and spatial cognitive functions and may serve as a viable non-invasive adjunctive intervention in early-stage AD.</div> Gamma band, Alzheimer disease (AD), Brain auditory stimulation, Working memory, Cognitive flexibility 85 96 http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7612-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Leila Mehdizadeh Fanid l-mehdizadeh@tabrizu.ac.ir 13700319475328460057410 13700319475328460057410 Yes Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Mansour Beyrami m.bayrami@tabrizu.ac.ir 13700319475328460057411 13700319475328460057411 No Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Mahdi Jafari Asl mahdi.jafariasl@shahed.ac.ir 13700319475328460057412 13700319475328460057412 No Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. Behzad Nikzad b.nikzad@tabrizu.ac.ir 13700319475328460057413 13700319475328460057413 No Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Siamak Dadashi siamakdadashi94@gmail.com 13700319475328460057414 13700319475328460057414 No Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Zahra Zehtabi zahrazehtabi1996@gmail.com 13700319475328460057415 0009-0004-7476-3518 No Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Habibollah Rasouli habibrasouli516@gmail.com 13700319475328460057416 13700319475328460057416 No Department of Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.