en Cognitive Neuroscience Cognitive Neuroscience Commentary Commentary <div style="text-align: justify;">Memory is probably one of the most complex human cognitive functions, and in many years, thousands of studies have helped us better recognize this brain function. Professor Kandel and his colleagues have written one of the reference textbooks in neuroscience, which has also elaborated on the memory function. In this book, I encountered several ambiguities while explaining the memory system. Here, I share those points, either to find an answer to them or to let them be a suggestion for our future works. Professor Kandel has spent most of his meritorious lifetime studying the memory system; however, the brain is extremely complex, and as a result, we still have many years to comprehensively understand the neural mechanisms of brain functions.</div> Human memory, Long-term memory, Episodic, Implicit, Explicit 543 548 http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1774-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Seyed Amir Hossein Batouli batouli@sina.tums.ac.ir 13700319475328460046068 13700319475328460046068 Yes Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.