en Clinical Neuroscience Clinical Neuroscience Original Original <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Introduction</strong>: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype has a heterogeneous distribution throughout the world. The present study aimed to characterize the APOE genotype (rs429358, rs7412) in healthy individuals compared with Alzheimer cases in Kerman, southeastern Iran, by two standard mutation scanning methods.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: In this case-control study, 90 Alzheimer patients as a case group and 90 healthy individuals as a control group were examined. APOE genotyping was carried out using high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis assay and multiplex tetra-primer amplification-refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS PCR) techniques.<br> <strong>Results</strong>: In contrast to Multiplex T-ARMS PCR, HRM analysis was not efficient in rs7412 genotyping. The results of multiplex T-ARMS showed that &epsilon;2&epsilon;3 genotype (P=0.006, odd ratio [OR]=0.119) and &epsilon;2 allele (P=0.004, OR=0.129) were more prevalent in the control group compared with the case ones, whereas &epsilon;4 allele was associated with borderline risk of Alzheimer disease (P=0.099, OR=1.76).&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: We concluded that Multiplex T-ARMS PCR could be considered as a better option than HRM analysis for APOE genotyping in terms of speed, accuracy, simplicity, and cheapness in large-scale use. Also, the present study revealed that &epsilon;2 &epsilon;3 genotype and &epsilon;2 allele are protective against Alzheimer whereas the &epsilon;4 allele cannot be strongly considered as Alzheimer genetic risk factor in Kerman, Iran. The results may help to choose a better technique for APOE genotyping.</div> Alzheimer disease, APOE genotyping, HRM analysis, Multiplex T-ARMS PCR, ε2, ε4 37 48 http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-206-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sara Pourshaikhali 13700319475328460047821 13700319475328460047821 No Department of Medical Genetics, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Nasrollah Saleh-Gohari n_salehgohari@kmu.ac.ir 13700319475328460047822 13700319475328460047822 Yes Department of Medical Genetics, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Kolsoum Saeidi 13700319475328460047823 13700319475328460047823 No Department of Medical Genetics, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Mehrsa Fekri Soofiabadi 13700319475328460047824 0009-0000-4004-1673 No Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.