en Behavioral Neuroscience Behavioral Neuroscience Original Original <strong>Introduction</strong>: Aggression and impulsivity are some of the behavioral symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Neurofeedback (NF) training has been suggested as a promising treatment in these children. This study aimed to investigate the effect of NF training on aggression and impulsivity in schoolchildren with ADHD.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: A total of 40 male elementary school children with ADHD (aged 11.17&plusmn;0.97 years) were randomized into the NF and sham groups. The NF group received 12 NF training sessions, each taking about 60 minutes for six consecutive weeks (twice a week), based on the Hammond protocol. The subjects&rsquo; parents were questioned to evaluate the outcomes, including aggression and impulsivity, using the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS).<br> <strong>Results</strong>: After the intervention, in the NF group, the BPAQ score changed from 87.60&plusmn;9.33 to 81&plusmn;7.23 and the BIS score from 94.7&plusmn;7.25 to 88.05&plusmn;5.4, which were significant (P=0.001). The results indicated the large effect size of NF on aggression and impulsivity in ADHD.<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Our findings suggest NF training as a clinically applicable method for decreasing aggression and impulsivity, also support concurrent use of medication and NF training in children with ADHD. ADHD, Neurofeedback, Aggression, Impulsivity 693 702 http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2363-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Zahra Dashbozorgi zahradb2000@yahoo.com 13700319475328460039419 13700319475328460039419 No Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. Amin Ghaffari amin.ghaffari@yahoo.com 13700319475328460039420 13700319475328460039420 No Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Samaneh Karamali Esmaili esmaeili.s@iums.ac.ir 13700319475328460039421 13700319475328460039421 No Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Jamal Ashoori Jamal_ashoori@yahoo.com 13700319475328460039422 13700319475328460039422 No Department of Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University. Ali Moradi ralimoradi@gmail.com 13700319475328460039423 13700319475328460039423 No Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Pooria Sarvghadi sarvghadi.pooria@gmail.com 13700319475328460039424 13700319475328460039424 Yes Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.