en Clinical Neuroscience Clinical Neuroscience Review Review <div style="text-align: justify;">N-Methyl-3, 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA), or ecstasy is a recreational drug of abuse. It is a synthetic substance that affects the body&rsquo;s systems, which its mechanism of action and treatment should be more investigated. MDMA provides an immediate enjoyable feeling by stimulating the release of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin in the brain. Unfortunately, abnormal regulation of the brain neurotransmitters, as well as the increased oxidative stress causes damage to the brain neurons after the MDMA exposure. Only a few studies have been done regarding its treatment. Thus, the treatment of MDMA complications should be further explored mainly by targeting its mechanism of action in the neurotransmitter systems. Hence, this study presents a short review regarding the recent findings on the role of neurotransmitters to cause MDMA neurotoxicity. The results will be useful for future research in elucidating the potential treatment based on the targeted mechanisms to treat the neurotoxic effects of MDMA.</div> MDMA, Neurotransmitter, Brain injuries, Memory, Therapy 381 388 http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1331-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Nor Suliana Mustafa norsulianamustafa@gmail.com 13700319475328460029075 13700319475328460029075 No Centre for Research in Addiction (CentRenA), University of Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia. Nor Hidayah Abu Bakar 13700319475328460029076 13700319475328460029076 No Centre for Research in Addiction (CentRenA), University of Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia. Nasir Mohamad drnasirmohamadkb@yahoo.com 13700319475328460029077 13700319475328460029077 Yes Centre for Research in Addiction (CentRenA), University of Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia. Liyana Hazwani Mohd Adnan 13700319475328460029078 13700319475328460029078 No Centre for Research in Addiction (CentRenA), University of Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia. Nurul Farah Aina Md Fauzi 13700319475328460029079 13700319475328460029079 No Centre for Research in Addiction (CentRenA), University of Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia. Abdulsoma Thoarlim 13700319475328460029080 13700319475328460029080 No Centre for Research in Addiction (CentRenA), University of Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia. Syed Hadzrullathfi Syed Omar 13700319475328460029081 13700319475328460029081 No Centre for Research in Addiction (CentRenA), University of Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia. Mohd Shafiee Hamzah 13700319475328460029082 13700319475328460029082 No Faculty of Medicine, City Campus, University of Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia. Zawawi Yusoff 13700319475328460029083 13700319475328460029083 No Faculty of Medicine, City Campus, University of Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia. Mahdi Jufri 13700319475328460029084 13700319475328460029084 No Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Indonesia. Rashidi Ahmad 13700319475328460029085 13700319475328460029085 No Academic Unit of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.