en Original Original <p align="justify"> <strong> Abstract </strong></p><p align="justify"> <strong> Introduction: </strong>Diabetes mellitus accompanies with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the human society and experimental animals. Considering the beneficial antidiabetic potential of <i>Apium graveolens</i> (AG ), this research study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic i.p. administration of AG on learning and memory in diabetic rats using passive avoidance and Y-maze tests. </p><p align="justify"> <strong> Methods: </strong>Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, AG-treated control, diabetic, and AG-treated diabetic groups. AG treatment continued for 4 weeks. For induction of diabetes, streptozotocin was injected i.p. at a single dose of 60 mg/kg. For evaluation of learning and memory, initial latency (IL) and step-through latency (STL) were determined at the end of study using passive avoidance test. Meanwhile, alternation behavior percentage was determined using Y maze.</p><p align="justify"> <strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in IL in diabetic and AG-treated diabetic groups after 4 weeks as compared to control group. In this respect, there was no significant difference between diabetic and AG-treated diabetic groups. On the other hand, STL significantly decreased (p<0.05) in diabetic group and significantly increased (p<0.05) in AG-treated diabetic group as compared to control group at the end of study. In addition, STL did not significantly change in AG-treated control group in comparison with control group. In addition, results of Y-maze test showed that there is no significant difference between diabetic and Ag-treated diabetic groups and between control and Ag-treated control group regarding alternation behavior.</p><p style="DIRECTION: ltr" align="justify"> <strong>Discussion: </strong>In summary, chronic oral administration of AG could enhance the consolidation and recall capability of stored information only in diabetic animals and did not affect spatial memory of diabetic animals. </p><p align="left">  </p> Apium graveolens, Learning, Memory, Passive Avoidance Test, Alternation behavior, Diabetes Mellitus 26 28 http://bcn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-6&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mehdad Roghani 137003194753284600317 137003194753284600317 Yes Amin Arsalan Amin 137003194753284600318 137003194753284600318 No Reza Amirtouri 137003194753284600319 137003194753284600319 No