چکیده:
Introduction: Children with specific learning disorders, having delay in brain development, need interventions developing brain functions. Hjelm’s function-oriented approach emphasizes sufficient time between sessions in natural functional development of brain functions. This study aimed to investigate whether a structurally restricted timeframe is sufficient to elicit developmental changes, thereby defining a minimum effective threshold for Hjelm’s function-oriented intervention.
Methods: Nineteen children aged 7-12 years with specific learning disorders participated in 16 weeks-intervention, one 20-minutes-session weekly. The outcome measures included Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Continuous Performance Test, Wechsler Memory Scale, Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency and Clinical Observation of Motor and Postural Skills. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze differences between the groups and paired t-tests to compare pre-and post-values for both groups separately.
Results: The intervention showed no significant differences between the groups. The intervention group showed significant improvements in gross motor skills, regression in some variables of motor skills and no changes in the cognitive skills. The control group showed significant improvements in postural motor skills. The control group demonstrated within-group improvements, particularly in total motor scores (𝑑𝑧 = −1.49, 95% CI [-2.33, -0.63]), exceeding the changes in the intervention group.
Conclusion: The applied timeframe falls below the minimum effective threshold required to engage the central nervous system and the natural functional development productively.
This study shows the importance of time in natural functional development, and a restricted timeframe is not sufficient to elicit developmental changes, which should be considered when using Hjelm’s function-oriented intervention.
Methods: Nineteen children aged 7-12 years with specific learning disorders participated in 16 weeks-intervention, one 20-minutes-session weekly. The outcome measures included Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Continuous Performance Test, Wechsler Memory Scale, Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency and Clinical Observation of Motor and Postural Skills. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze differences between the groups and paired t-tests to compare pre-and post-values for both groups separately.
Results: The intervention showed no significant differences between the groups. The intervention group showed significant improvements in gross motor skills, regression in some variables of motor skills and no changes in the cognitive skills. The control group showed significant improvements in postural motor skills. The control group demonstrated within-group improvements, particularly in total motor scores (𝑑𝑧 = −1.49, 95% CI [-2.33, -0.63]), exceeding the changes in the intervention group.
Conclusion: The applied timeframe falls below the minimum effective threshold required to engage the central nervous system and the natural functional development productively.
This study shows the importance of time in natural functional development, and a restricted timeframe is not sufficient to elicit developmental changes, which should be considered when using Hjelm’s function-oriented intervention.
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