1- Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran.
2- Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
3- Department of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4- Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. USA.
5- Departments of Communication, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Introduction: about 20% to 30% of patients with epilepsy are diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy and one third of these are candidates for epilepsy surgery. Surgical resection of the epileptogenic tissue is a well-established method for treating patients with intractable focal epilepsy. Determining language laterality and locality is an important part of a comprehensive epilepsy program before surgery. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has been increasingly employed as a non-invasive alternative method for the Wada test and cortical stimulation. Sensitive and accurate language tasks are essential for any reliable fMRI mapping.
Methods: The present study reviews the methods of presurgical fMRI language mapping and their dedicated fMRI tasks, specifically for patients with epilepsy.
Results: Different language tasks including verbal fluency are used in fMRI to determine language laterality and locality in different languages such as Persian. there are some considerations including the language materials and technical protocols for task design that all presurgical teams should take into consideration.
Conclusion: Accurate presurgical language mapping is very important to preserve patients language after surgery. This review was the first part of a project for designing standard tasks in Persian to help precise presurgical evaluation and in Iranian PWFIE.
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Highlights
● Invasive and non invasive methods for presurgical language mapping in intractable epilepsy.
● Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI).
● Designing language tasks for mapping.
● Persian language tasks.
Plain Language Summary
People with intractable epilepsy can be treated by brain surgery. Their language and other cognitive abilities must be reserved after surgery, therefore, precise mapping is needed and it requires well-designed and standard tasks. Nowadays, functional magnetic resonance imaging is used as an invasive method for brain mapping. we reviewed presurgical language mapping tasks used in fMRI for patients with epilepsy.
Type of Study:
Review |
Subject:
Clinical Neuroscience Received: 2020/09/20 | Accepted: 2020/11/8 | Published: 2021/03/1